甜菜品系叶丛快速生长期抗旱性综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance during the rapid growth stage of sugar beet cultivars

作　　者：曾婉盈 耿洪伟[1] 程宇坤 李思忠 钱松廷 高卫时[2] 张立明[2] ZENG Wanying;GENG Hongwei;CHENG Yukun;LI Sizhong;QIAN Songting;GAO Weishi;ZHANG Liming(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumq,830052,China;Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第9期2140-2151,共12页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家糖料产业技术体系甜菜高产高糖品种改良岗(CARS-170108);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项项目(2022B02002)。

摘　　要：【目的】干旱是制约甜菜生长的重要因素之一,直接影响甜菜产量、含糖率和产糖量,鉴定甜菜叶丛快速生长期的抗旱性,筛选出抗旱品系材料,对甜菜新品种的选育具有重要意义。【方法】选357份甜菜品系材料,设置正常灌溉灌溉和干旱胁迫2种处理,测定甜菜品质叶绿素、叶面积指数和株高等7个主要指标。以产量抗旱指数、综合抗旱指数等8个指标为抗旱指标,综合评价各品系材料。利用SSR分子标记分析其中72份品系材料的遗传多样性,分析甜菜不同抗旱品系材料之间的亲缘关系。【结果】干旱胁迫下,各指标的平均值均有所下降,下降幅度由大到小分别为产量(26.05%)、产糖量(16.77%)、株高(14.85%)、叶片数(8.43%)和叶面积指数(2.6%);抗旱指标间多呈极显著正相关,叶绿素、叶面积指数等与抗旱指标之间多呈显著或极显著正相关。【结论】叶丛快速生长期叶面积指数、株高、叶片数、产量、产糖量是判定水分胁迫下甜菜品系材料抗旱性的5个重要指标,基于8个抗旱指标综合评价出10份抗旱品系材料,72份核心骨干材料亲缘关系较近,其中10份抗旱品系材料XJT4121和XJT1317为姊妹系。【Objective】Drought is one of the important factors that restrict the growth of sugar beet,directly affecting sugar beet yield,sugar content,and sugar production so identifying the drought resistance of sugar beet during the rapid growth period of the leaf rosette,and selecting drought-resistant materials,are of great significance for the breeding of new sugar beet varieties.【Methods】In this study,357 domestic and foreign germplasm materials were used,and two treatments,normal irrigation and drought stress,were applied to determine seven main indicators including chlorophyll content,leaf area index,and plant height.Eight drought resistance indicators,including yield drought resistance index and comprehensive drought resistance index,were used for comprehensive evaluation of each germplasm material.Genetic diversity analysis of 72 germplasm materials was conducted using SSR molecular markers to analyze the genetic relationship between different drought-resistant germplasm materials of sugar beet.【Results】Under drought stress,the average values of all indicators decreased,with the decrease magnitude in the following order:yield(26.05%),sugar production(16.77%),plant height(14.85%),leaf number(8.43%),leaf area index(2.6%).There was a significant positive correlation among drought resistance indicators,and chlorophyll content,leaf area index,etc.were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with drought resistance indicators.【Conclusion】Leaf area index,plant height,leaf number,yield,and sugar production during the rapid growth period of the leaf rosette are five important indicators for determining the drought resistance of sugar beet germplasm materials under water stress.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of eight drought resistance indicators,10 drought-resistant germplasm materials were selected.Among the 72 core germplasm materials analyzed using SSR markers,there was a close genetic relationship,and the drought-resistant germplasm materials XJT4121 and XJT1317 were sister

关 键 词：甜菜 干旱胁迫 抗旱性评价 叶面积指数 相关性 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]