干旱荒漠区9个杏品种的花器官冻害生理生化分析  

Physiological study of frost damage on flower organs of nine apricot varieties in arid desert area

作　　者：曾万祺 韩多红 冯军仁 ZENG Wanqi;HAN Duohong;FENG Junren(Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province,Zhangye Gansu,734000,China;College of Life Sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye Gansu,734000,China;Zhangye Academy of Forestry,Zhangye Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [3]张掖市林业科学研究院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第9期2223-2229,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目“临泽小枣根蘖繁殖生态过程及其在种群保护恢复中的作用机制”(22JR5RG1028)。

摘　　要：【目的】测试干旱荒漠区9个杏品种的花器官生理生化指标,分析9个杏品种花器官的半致死温度,研究不同花器官抗寒性强弱,为选择抗寒栽培品种与抗寒育种提供依据。【方法】测试花器官电导率、SOD、POD生理生化指标,应用Excel表与DPS软件分析测试数据。【结果】杏品种雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣半致死温度由高到低依次为花瓣>雄蕊>雌蕊;不同杏品种雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣半致死温度由高到低依次为巴丹油杏>珍珠油杏>小树上干杏>丰园红杏>杏王>金太阳杏>凯特杏>红李广杏>李广杏;不同低温处理下杏品种花蕾、花朵半致死温度由高到低依次为花蕾>花朵;不同杏品种已开放花器官、花蕾、花朵半致死温度由高到低依次均为巴丹油杏>珍珠油杏>小树上干杏>丰园红杏>杏王>金太阳杏>凯特杏>红李广杏>李广杏;不同杏品种盛开花组织低温处理SOD活性变化趋势,随着处理温度由高到低,各品种雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣的SOD活性值呈先低至高再降低的趋势,雌蕊、雄蕊出现高峰值的温度为-1℃,花瓣出现高峰值的温度除巴丹油杏、珍珠油杏、小树上干杏3个品种外-5℃仍为上升过程,其余品种在-1~-3℃;不同杏品种盛开花组织低温处理POD活性变化趋势,随着处理温度0、-1、-3和-5℃由高至低,各杏品种雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣的SOD活性值呈低至高的趋势,雌蕊、雄蕊SOD活性值呈由低至高再降低的过程,出现高峰值的温度因品种抗寒性的不同而不同,巴丹油杏、珍珠油杏、小树上干杏、丰园红杏、杏王均为-3℃,凯特杏、红李广杏、李广杏均为-1℃,花瓣出现高峰值的温度除巴丹油杏、珍珠油杏、小树上干杏、丰园红杏在-5℃仍为上升过程,其余品种高分值在-1~-3℃。【结论】9个杏品种花器官抗寒性大小依次为巴丹油杏>珍珠油杏>小树上干杏>丰园红杏>杏王>金太阳杏>凯特杏>红李广杏>李广杏,霜冻年份,�【Objective】To obtain the cold resistance of different flower organs and analyze the semi-lethal temperature of flower organs of 9 varieties by testing the physiological and biochemical indexes of flower organs of 9 apricot varieties in the hope of providing a basis for the selection of cold-resistant cultivation varieties and cold-resistant breeding.【Methods】The electrical conductivity of the flower organs,the physiological and biochemical indicators of SOD and POD were tested,and then the test data were analyzed with Excel table and DPS software.【Results】The sort of semi-fatal temperatures for pistils,stamens,and petals from high to low was petals>stamens>pistils;the rating from high to low of the semi-fatal temperatures for pistils,stamens,and petals of different varieties were Prunus amygdalus Batsch>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Prunus armemiaca>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Prunus armeniaca L>Prunus armeniaca L>Prunus armemiaca>Prunus armeniaca;Through the analysis results of frost damage on flower buds and flowers under different low temperature treatments,the sorts from high to low of the semi-fatal temperature of flower buds and flowers were flower buds>flowers;At the same time,it was also shown that,in different varieties of apricot flowers,the sort from high to low of the semi-lethal temperature of the opened flower organs,flower buds,and flowers was Prunus amygdalus Batsch>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Prunus armemiaca>Armeniaca vulgaris Lam>Prunus armeniaca L>Prunus-armeniaca-L>Prunus armemiaca>Prunus armeniaca;the SOD activity of the flower tissues of different varieties changed from high to low.As the treatment temperature increased from high to low,the SOD activity values of each variety of pistils,stamens,and petals showed the tendency from low to high,the peak of the temperature of the pistils and stamens was-1℃,and the temperature of SOD peak for the petals was-5℃,except for the three varieties of Prunus amygdalus Batsch、Armeniaca vulgaris Lam,Armeniaca

关 键 词：干旱荒漠区 杏树 花器官 冻害 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]