用合成生物学改善光合作用的强光抗性  

Improving high light resistance of photosynthesis using synthetic biology

作　　者：杨书蕊 卢从明 YANG Shu-Rui;LU Cong-Ming(National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement,College of Life Sciences,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院,小麦育种全国重点实验室,泰安271018

出　　处：《生命科学》2024年第9期1175-1184,共10页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0907602)。

摘　　要：在自然界中,光照强度变化幅度很大,植物不可避免地经常遭受高光胁迫,导致植物叶绿体中活性氧损伤叶绿体DNA、破坏类囊体膜结构、降解光系统核心蛋白,从而严重抑制光合作用。如何保护植物的光系统,并使光合作用在高光逆境下高效运行,仍然是一个亟待解决的问题。本文从植物光系统光破坏防御机制、光合作用高光抗性相关的合成生物学研究现状和未来提高光合作用高光抗性合成生物学研究方向等三个方面介绍目前的研究进展,并展望未来优化植物光破坏防御系统的研究重点和方向。Crops live with ever-changing sun light conditions,which often obviously exceeds the tolerance of crops.This high-light stress seriously limits photosynthesis in crops by causing a set of physiological changes in chloroplasts,such as elevated ROS,DNA damage,the degradation of the photosynthetic apparatus,and the oxidation of thylakoid membranes.However,how to maintain high photosynthesis performance under high-light conditions is still a challenge.In this review,we summarized the mechanism of photoprotection in photosynthesis and recent progress in improving high light resistance of photosynthesis using synthetic biology.Finally,we proposed the future directions in optimizing and improving photoprotection of photosynthesis.

关 键 词：光合作用 合成生物学 光系统 光破坏防御 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]