运动通过代谢稳态调控蛋白质翻译后修饰进而改善脑功能  

The Improvement of Brain Functions via Post-Translational Modification of Proteins by Exercise Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis

作　　者：张力 ZHANG Li(Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education),Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510600,China)

机构地区：[1]中枢神经再生教育部重点实验室,暨南大学粤港澳中枢神经再生研究院,广州510600

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2024年第10期1737-1741,共5页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：“科技创新2030-脑科学与类脑研究”重大专项青年科学家项目(批准号:2022ZD0207600)资助的课题。

摘　　要：不同类型的体育运动均能显著影响机体的代谢稳态。代谢物除了为组织供能外,对于细胞内分子信号通路也具有广泛的影响。特别是在蛋白质的翻译后修饰(PTM)中,多数过程均高度依赖于运动相关代谢物,如乙酰基、乳酸、脂肪酸、单胺能递质等。因此,运动可能通过影响脑内蛋白质PTM,从而改变突触和神经网络活动,改善情感认知等脑功能。围绕这一科学问题,课题组已取得一定的成果,特别是对运动后突触蛋白乳酰化修饰的解析,初步揭示了运动改善情感障碍的代谢-脑机制。在这一领域,后续研究可以从解析运动及蛋白修饰的量-效关系、发现更多运动代谢物的PTM调控效果,以及建立完整的运动后全身代谢稳态及脑内蛋白修饰的互作模型等方面入手,从而在深入阐明运动改善脑健康的身-心机制的同时,进一步推动运动疗法的应用和运动增效或替代物质的开发。Different types of exercise training significantly affect the body metabolic homeostasis.The exercise-related metabolites act as the energy supply molecules and have profound effects on intracellular signaling pathways.In particular,the process of PTM(post-translational modification)of proteins is highly dependent on exercise-mediated metabolites such as acetyl,lactate,fatty acid and monoamines.It is thus proposed that exercise training may affect PTM in brain proteins,thus modifying synaptic and neural network activities,for improving brain functions such as mental or cognition.Focusing on this specific field,studies have already revealed the mechanism of lactate molecules in modulating synaptic protein lactylation under exercise training,thus implying the potential metabolic-brain axis in exercise-mediated improvement of mental disorders.In future,one can deploy research to reveal the correlation between exercise training load and the effect of protein modifications,to identify more PTM of brain proteins at the downstream of exercise-related metabolites,and to establish a complete picture between whole body metabolic homeostasis and brain protein modification.These works add more knowledge on the peripheral-central pathway of exercise in improving brain health and facilitate the promotion of exercise intervention of brain diseases,or the future development of exercise mimics.

关 键 词：运动训练 代谢稳态 蛋白质修饰 

分 类 号：Q753[生物学—分子生物学]