高压电脉冲破碎在选矿领域的应用综述  

Review on application of high voltage pulse crushing in mineral beneficiation

作　　者：张馨月 刘鑫宇 李明珠 左蔚然[1] ZHANG Xinyue;LIU Xinyu;Li Mingzhu;ZUO Weiran(Zijin School of Geology and Mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《矿山机械》2024年第10期32-38,共7页Mining & Processing Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52074091)。

摘　　要：传统的矿石破碎过程会消耗大量能量,增加矿选成本。分选前预处理,有助于节约能耗,降低生产成本。高压电脉冲破碎技术具有选择性破碎优势,成为选矿领域的研究热点。详细介绍了高压电脉冲破碎原理和选择性破碎机制,系统总结了高压电脉冲破碎在促进解离、预弱化、预富集和改善堆浸性质的领域的应用潜力。分析指出:高压电脉冲破碎能够促进金属矿物的单体解离,改善矿石可磨性,提高精矿质量;对含金属矿物的矿石诱导选择性破碎,实现了预富集及节能降耗,提高了矿产资源的综合利用率;高压电脉冲破碎细颗粒含量少,有助于提高堆浸作业的金属回收率,改善浸出性质。The traditional ore crushing process consumes a great amount of energy,which increases the cost of ore separation.The pretreatment before separation is helpful to save energy consumption and reduce production cost.High voltage pulse crushing with the advantage of selective crushing has become a research hotspot in the field of mineral beneficiation.The principle of high voltage pulse crushing and its three mechanisms for selective crushing were introduced in this paper.Then,the application potential of high voltage pulse crushing in promoting liberation,pre-weakening,pre-concentration and improving heap-leaching properties were systematically summarized.It was pointed out that high voltage pulse crushing could promote monomer dissociation of metallic minerals,improve ore grindability and the quality of concentrate,at the same time,it could induce selective crushing of ores containing metallic minerals to achieve pre-concentration,energy saving and consumption reducing,and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of mineral resources.In addition,the high voltage pulse crushing had less fine particle content,which could increase metal recovery and improve leaching properties.

关 键 词：高压电脉冲 选择性破碎 预弱化 预富集 浸出 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]