《联合国打击网络犯罪公约》的困境与优化进路  

The Dilemma and Optimization Approach of the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime

作　　者：敬力嘉 罗贯琛 Jing Lijia;Luo Guanchen(Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《警学研究》2024年第4期7-21,共15页Police Science Research

摘　　要：拟定中的《联合国打击网络犯罪公约》是在中俄倡导下,由联合国主导的一部旨在有效打击网络犯罪的全球性公约,这一公约的谈判已接近尾声。通过分析不同谈判阶段的公约草案,并与世界各国关于网络犯罪的刑事立法以及网络犯罪国际立法的有关公约进行比较,可以发现公约草案存在刑事定罪条款滞后于网络犯罪现状、未能反映整个国际社会的立场与利益、管辖权设置不合理等方面的问题。应当在公约中坚持国家主权原则,并且基于对网络主权附属于领土的认定思路,倡导对“刑事定罪”“管辖权”“程序措施与执法”“国际合作”相应条款进行修改以践行主权原则,合理增设侵犯网络财产犯罪、网络恐怖主义、侵犯公民个人信息等网络犯罪类型,并依据网络主权原则设立优先管辖原则以解决网络跨国犯罪管辖权积极冲突。The United Nations Convention against Cybercrime is a global convention under the auspices of China and Russia and led by the United Nations to effectively combat cybercrime,and the relevant negotiations are drawing to a close.By analyzing the draft conventions at different stages of negotiation and comparing them with the relevant conventions on criminal legislation on cybercrime and international legislation on cybercrime in various countries around the world,it can be found that the draft convention has problems in terms of criminal conviction provisions lagging behind the current situation of cybercrime,failing to reflect the position and interests of the entire international community,and unreasonable jurisdiction setting.In the Convention,the principle of national sovereignty should be adhered to.Cyber sovereignty is attached to the territory,and the corresponding provisions of“criminal conviction,”“jurisdiction,”“procedural measures and law enforcement”and“international cooperation”should be amended to practice the principle of sovereignty.We should reasonably add the types of cybercrime such as infringement of cyber property crime,cyber terrorism and infringement of citizens’personal information,and give priority to jurisdiction according to the principle of cyber sovereignty to solve the positive conflict of jurisdiction over cyber transnational crime.

关 键 词：联合国打击网络犯罪公约 国家主权原则 管辖权 完善进路 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]