家蚕泛基因组研究成果及影响  

Research Results and Influence of Pan-genome in Silkworms

作　　者：童晓玲[1] 韩民锦[1] 陆昆鹏[1] 代方银[1] TONG Xiaoling;HAN Minjin;LU Kunpeng;DAI Fangyin(State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects/Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]资源昆虫高效养殖与利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部蚕桑生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/西南大学蚕学与系统生物学研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《蚕学通讯》2024年第3期2-13,共12页Newsletter of Sericultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32330102,U20A2058);重庆市自然科学基金创新群体项目(cstc2021jcyj-cxtt0005);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18-ZJ0102,CARS-18-ZJ0103)。

摘　　要：泛基因组是动植物基因组研究的前沿,其特点是全面揭示物种的基因组多样性及其演化特征,包括前期技术不能很好识别的大片段结构变异等。泛基因组研究为系统解析表型多样性的形成和现代育种提供最全面的基因组信息,意义重大。2022年,本研究团队在世界上率先完成了家蚕泛基因组构建,一次性完成545个样本的三代长读长测序和1 078个样本的深度二代测序,取得一系列重要新发现。家蚕泛基因组为规模化高效解析家蚕重要性状遗传基础和有效开展分子育种奠定了坚实基础,推动蚕学研究进入新的历史阶段,进一步巩固了我国在本领域的引领地位,对蚕业科学的发展具有深远影响。近2年来,在泛基因组的有力支撑下,我们在家蚕的多组学数据库构建、W染色体完整序列解析、重要性状遗传基础解析等方面取得多项突破性进展,并大力推动泛基因组在基因组选择、分子设计育种等方面的应用。在家蚕泛基因组论文发表2周年之际,特撰文对该计划的研究成果、影响和相关后续工作进行了梳理及展望。Pangenomics is the forefront of animal and plant genome research,characterized by compre-hensively revealing the genomic diversity and evolutionary characteristics of species,including large structural variations that cannot be well identified by previous technologies.Pangenomic research provides the most comprehensive genomic information for the systematic analysis of the formation of phenotypic diversity and modern breeding,which is of great significance.In 2022,our research team was the first in the world to complete the construction of a silkworm pan-genome,completing three generations of long read sequencing for 545 samples and deep second-generation sequencing for 1078 samples at once,and making a series of important new discoveries.The pan-genome of silkworms has laid a solid foundation for largescale and efficient analysis of the genetic basis of important traits in silkworms and effective molecular breeding,promoting sericulture research into a new historical stage,further consolidating China's leading role in this field,and having a profound impact on the development of sericulture science.In the past two years,with the strong support of pan-genome,we have made multiple breakthroughs in the construction of silkworm multi-omics databases,the assembly and analysis of complete W chromosome sequences,and the deciphering of genetic basis of important traits.We have also vigorously promoted the application of the pan-genome in genome selection,molecular design breeding,and other fields.On the occasion of the 2nd anniversary of the publication of the silkworm pan-genome paper,this article summarizes and prospects the research results,impacts,and related follow-up work of the project.

关 键 词：家蚕 泛基因组 科学发现 应用研究 

分 类 号：S881.26[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]