汉阳地区不同富营养化湖泊大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因子  

Community structure and influencing factors of macrobenthos in different eutrophic lakes in Hanyang area

作　　者：罗进勇 胡乐 王东 翟东东 刘红艳[1,2] 熊飞[1,2] LUO Jinyong;HU Le;WANG Dong;ZHAI Dongdong;LIU Hongyan;XIONG Fei(School of Life Sciences,Jianghan University,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin,Wuhan 430056,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学生命科学学院,湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心,武汉430056 [2]江汉大学,持久性有毒污染物环境与健康危害湖北省重点实验室,武汉430056

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第6期3-16,共14页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2020034);江汉大学科技创新专项项目(2021kjzx006)。

摘　　要：为了解不同富营养化湖泊底栖动物群落结构和多样性,探讨湖泊底栖动物对富营养化的响应,于2021年6、9、12月和2022年3月对汉阳地区不同富营养化状态湖泊的大型底栖动物群落和环境因子进行了季节性调查和分析。结果显示,后官湖为轻度富营养化、三角湖和南太子湖为中度富营养化、墨水湖和龙阳湖为重度富营养化。在5个湖泊共采集底栖动物20种,隶属于3门5纲7目10科18属,皆属于长江中下游湖泊常见物种,其中后官湖有18种,三角湖有13种,南太子湖有13种,墨水湖有7种,龙阳湖有7种。5个湖泊共有优势种为中国长足摇蚊(Tanypus chinensis),后官湖独有优势种为前突摇蚊(Procladius sp.)。非度量多维标度排序(NMDS)分析表明,3月和6月各湖泊间底栖动物群落结构差异较大,9月和12月差异较小。5个湖泊底栖动物平均密度范围为594~1041 ind./m^(2),湖泊间差异不显著,平均生物量为1.8~298.9 g/m^(2),后官湖平均生物量显著大于其他4个湖泊。5个湖泊底栖动物Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数和Pielou指数变化范围分别为0.44~0.98、0.45~1.03、0.36~0.66。Pearson相关性分析表明底栖动物物种数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Margalef指数与湖泊综合营养状态指数(TLI C)显著负相关。典范对应分析(CCA)表明,透明度(SD)、沉积物全磷(TP-S)是影响汉阳地区5个湖泊底栖动物群落结构的关键因子。This study investigated the response of lake macrobenthos to eutrophication to understand the community structure and diversity of macrobenthos in different eutrophic lakes.The macrobenthos communities and environmental factors were studied in lakes with varying degrees of eutrophication in the Hanyang area.Field surveys were conducted in June,September,December 2021,and March 2022.The results showed that Houguan Lake had mild eutrophication,Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake had moderate eutrophication,while Moshui Lake and Longyang Lake had severe eutrophication.A total of 20 macrobenthos species belonging to 3 phyla,5 classes,7 orders,10 families and 18 genera were collected across the five lakes.These species are commonly found in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Houguan Lake had the highest species richness with 18 species,followed by Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake with 13 species each,and Moshui Lake and Longyang Lake with 7 species each.The dominant species of the five lakes was Tanypus chinensis,while Procladius sp.was only dominant in Houguan Lake.Non-metric multidimensional scale sequencing(NMDS)analysis showed significant differences in macrobenthos community structure between March and June but slight differences between September and December.The average density of macrobenthos in the five lakes ranged from 594 to 1041 ind./m^(2),with no significant difference among lakes.The average biomass ranged from 1.8 to 298.9 g/m^(2),and Houguan Lake exhibited significantly higher biomass than that the other four lakes.The annual mean values of the Shannon-Wiener Index,Margalef index and Pielou index ranged from 0.44 to 0.98,0.45 to 1.03 and 0.36 to 0.66,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the number of macrobenthos species,the Shannon-Wiener index,the Margalef index,and the total lake inorganic carbon(TLI C).Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)identified transparency(SD)and sediment total phosphorus(TP-S)as key factors influencing the ma

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 种类组成 优势种 多样性 富营养化 

分 类 号：Q179.4[生物学—水生生物学]