甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂的发酵代谢调控、特性及应用研究进展  

Progress in metabolic regulation,characteristics and application of mannosylerythritol lipids

作　　者：王毕杰 魏天予 史瑛 陈启和[1,2] WANG Bijie;WEI Tianyu;SHI Ying;CHEN Qihe(Department of Food Science and Nutrition,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta,Zhejiang University,Jiashan 314102,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学食品科学与营养学系,中国杭州310058 [2]浙江大学长三角智慧绿洲创新中心,浙江嘉善314102

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2024年第5期540-548,共9页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目公益项目(LGF18C200003)。

摘　　要：甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂(mannosylerythritol lipids,MELs)是一种新型的生物表面活性剂,除了具有与化学表面活性剂相似的界面活性、表面活性和乳化性外,还具有环境兼容、安全低毒的特点以及抑菌、诱导细胞凋亡及分化等生物活性,使其在医疗、食品、农业及生态修复等领域都具备巨大的应用潜力。但由于菌株的发酵代谢调控、生物安全等因素制约着其产业化,多数MELs的应用现今仍处于实验室研究阶段。因此,本文系统地回顾和总结了MELs的结构、主要来源、生物化学特性以及应用方面的研究现状,并从发酵条件优化、代谢调控和群体感应现象的角度对MELs的发酵代谢调控进行评述并作出展望,为未来降低MELs的生产成本,加快实现其规模化应用提供参考。Mannosylerythritol lipids(MELs),a novel class of biosurfactants,demonstrated promising applications in various fields such as medicine,food,agriculture,and ecological restoration,owing to their interfacial,surface-active,and emulsifying properties similar to chemical surfactants,along with environmental compatibility,low toxicity,and bioactivities for antimicrobial,apoptosis-inducing,and differentiation-inducing functions.However,most applications of MELs still remain at the laboratory research stage due to the challenges in fermentation metabolic regulation and biosafety of strains.Herein,we summarized the structure,main sources,biochemical properties,and research status of MELs applications.Additionally,we presented the outlook for the fermentation metabolic regulation of MELs with regards to fermentation conditions optimization,metabolic regulation,and quorum sensing.This review will provide scientific references for future efforts to reduce production cost of MELs and accelerate their scale-up applications.

关 键 词：甘露糖赤藓糖醇脂 代谢调控 群体感应 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]