复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机研究进展  

Research Progress of Composite Nozzle-Multimaterial FDM 3D Printers

作　　者：吴珈辛 蔡建臣 蒋金云 王振宇 朱浩宇 WU Jiaxin;CAI Jianchen;JIANG Jinyun;WANG Zhenyu;ZHU Haoyu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Quzhou University,Quzhou 324000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州学院机械工程学院,浙江衢州324000 [2]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第10期1-7,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LTGS23E030001);衢州市科技局竞争性项目(2023K211);2024年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2024R434A002)。

摘　　要：当前传统熔融沉积成型(FDM)型3D打印机基本采用单喷头结构,这导致了打印速度相对较低和打印材料单一的问题,进而限制了其进一步应用。复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机可以实现多材料复杂模型的3D打印,有效弥补了传统单喷头FDM型3D打印机在打印材料和打印速度方面的不足。首先,本文结合3D打印成型理论和3D打印机喷头结构设计,对比并简要分析了复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机相对于传统单喷头3D打印机的创新之处。第二,总结了复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的基本结构分类。第三,深入探讨了不同结构下复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的研究进展,并针对具体应用场景详细阐述了其各自的优缺点。最后,对复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机的未来发展趋势进行了总结与展望。复合喷头-多材料FDM 3D打印机在多材料应用、高效率打印及定制化服务方面展现了显著优势,并在新材料与新工艺的研发、机械稳定性和精度的提升,以及与人工智能技术的融合等方面仍具备广阔的发展空间,可极大促进3D打印技术的普及与应用。Traditional fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printers are typically equipped with a single nozzle design,which leads to a relatively low printing speed and a single print material,constraining their broader applications.Composite nozzle-multimaterial FDM 3D printers could realize the 3D printing of multimaterial complex models,which could effectively address the shortcomings of traditional single-nozzle FDM 3D printers in terms of printing materials and printing speeds.Firstly,this paper combined 3D printing molding theories and 3D printer nozzle structure designs to compare and briefly analyze the innovations of composite nozzle-multimaterial FDM 3D printers relative to traditional single nozzle 3D printers.Secondly,the fundamental structural classifications of these multimaterial printers were summarized.Thirdly,the advancements of composite nozzle-multimaterial FDM 3D printers across various structures were deeply researched,detailing their respective strengths and weaknesses in specific application contexts.Lastly,the future development trends of composite nozzle-multimaterial FDM 3D printers were summarized and prospected.Composite nozzle-multimaterial FDM 3D printers exhibit notable advantages in multimaterial applications,high-efficiency printing,and customized services.They hold significant potentials for growth in areas such as the developments of new materials and processes,enhancement of mechanical stability and precision,as well as integrations with artificial intelligence technologies,significantly advancing the popularizations and applications of the 3D printing technology.

关 键 词：3D打印机 熔融沉积成型技术 复合喷头 多材料3D打印 

分 类 号：TQ320[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]