PMMA/ASA合金材料改性与工艺优化  

Modifications and Process Optimizations of PMMA/ASA Alloy Materials

作　　者：王辉[1,2] 郑富颢[1,3] 谷召辉 覃清钰 杨柳 李建亭 曹敏 WANG Hui;ZHENG Fuhao;GU Zhaohui;QIN Qingyu;YANG Liu;LI Jianting;CAO Min(School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Research Center for New Energy&Intelligent Connected Vehicle,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,China;Xiangyang Guangrui AUTO PARTS Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiangyang 441000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学新能源与智能网联汽车湖北省工程技术中心,湖北武汉430070 [4]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司,广西柳州545007 [5]襄阳光瑞汽车零部件有限公司,湖北襄阳441000

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第10期43-49,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会(基金号52472383、52175360);湖北省重点研发计划(批准文号2022BAA073);科协青年人才托举工程(批准号2021QNRC001);111项目(批准文号B17034);襄阳高新区科技计划项目(202203号);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23062063);湖北省科技人才服务企业项目(2023DJC055);武汉理工大学襄阳技术转移中心产业化项目(批号WXCJ-20220028);福建省功能材料及应用重点实验室开放基金项目(fma2023002)。

摘　　要：为了满足薄壁化注塑需求,提出了材料与工艺协同优化方法来对塑件进行改性及优化。首先使用熔融共混法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯三元共聚物(ASA)合金改性材料,并分析了乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(EMA-GMA)、流动改性剂(ST-PA210)和纳米碳酸钙(nano-CaCO_(3))对PMMA/ASA合金性能的影响,确定了协同优化材料组分范围,再进行材料与工艺协同正交试验。结果表明,EMA-GMA可以改善PMMA/ASA合金的冲击强度,但会导致其他力学性能的下降,ST-PA210对PMMA/ASA合金的流动性能有显著提升且对力学性能无较大影响,添加2%~4%的nano-CaCO_(3)可以使PMMA/ASA合金力学性能和流动性能有小幅度提升,当其添加量超过6%时会使合金力学性能和流动性下降;材料与工艺协同优化可增加满足塑件性能需求的组合,降低了塑件对材料性能的依赖,从而降低了生产成本。最后,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对EMA-GMA、ST-PA210和nano-CaCO_(3)改性PMMA/ASA合金机理进行了分析。To meet the needs of thin-walled injection molding,a material and process collaborative optimization method is proposed to modify and optimize plastic parts.First,polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)/acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer(ASA)alloy modified materials were prepared by using a melt blending method.The effects of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate(EMA-GMA),flow modifier(ST-PA210)and nano-calcium carbonate(nano-CaCO_(3))on the properties of PMMA/ASA alloys were analyzed to determine the ranges of collaboratively optimized material components.Then a collaborative orthogonal test of materials and processes was conducted.The results show that EMA-GMA could improve the impact strength of PMMA/ASA alloys,but could lead to a decrease in other mechanical properties.ST-PA210 could significantly improve the flowability of PMMA/ASA alloys and have no major impact on the mechanical properties.Nano-CaCO_(3) with a 2%-4%mass fraction could slightly improve the mechanical properties and flowability of the PMMA/ASA alloys.When the mass fraction exceeds 6%,the mechanical properties and flowability of the alloys would decrease.The collaborative optimization of materials and processes could increase the numbers of combinations that meet the performance requirements of plastic parts,and reduce the dependence of plastic parts on material performances,thereby decreasing the production costs.Finally,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to analyze the mechanisms of EMA-GMA,ST-PA210 and nano-CaCO_(3) modified PMMA/ASA alloys.

关 键 词：材料与工艺协同优化 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯三元共聚物合金 注塑 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]