因“奸”生喜:曹操“奸雄”考  

A Textual Research of Cao Cao and an Unscrupulous Careerist

作　　者：贾保营 JIA Baoying(School of Marxism,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院,北京102400

出　　处：《湖北文理学院学报》2024年第10期5-9,共5页Journal of Hubei University of Arts and Science

摘　　要：前人对曹操关于“奸雄”的论述,多集中在曹操到底是“奸雄”还是“英雄”上,忽视了曹操对于“奸雄”的态度,亦忽视了不同评价者与曹操不同的关系以及具体的历史情境。实际上曹操将“英雄”“奸雄”视为一类人物,但是囿于“奸雄”“英雄”词汇本身蕴含的强大政治力量而自语时自视为“奸雄”,语人时则自居为“英雄”。不同的人对相同的语言有不同的认知,“治世之能臣,乱世之奸雄”本是许劭对曹操的暗讽之语,在曹操的理解下,却符合曹操的自我期许,帮曹操解决了“身份尴尬”“角色冲突”等问题。由此,曹操因“奸”生喜。Previous discussions on Cao Cao’s attached more attention to that he is a hero or an unscrupulous careerist,ignoring Cao Cao’s attitude towards an unscrupulous careerist,the different relationship between different evaluators and Cao Cao,as well as the specific historical situation.In fact,Cao Cao regarded a hero and an unscrupulous careerist as a kind of characters.Due to the powerful political power contained in these two words,Cao Cao considered himself a an unscrupulous careerist when talking to himself,but a hero when talking to others.Different people have different cognitions on the same expression.Xu Shao’s sarcastic words about Cao Cao were“the ruler of the world and the hero of the troubled times”.However,according to Cao Cao,it was in line with Cao Cao’s own expectations.Cao Cao had not the awkwardness of identity and role conflict no longer,and became satisfied and happy.

关 键 词：曹操 奸雄 三国 

分 类 号：K236.1[历史地理—历史学]