河南省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓率调查结果分析  

Analysis of public awareness results of core tuberculosis information in Henan Province

作　　者：孙建伟[1] 赵阿会 骆洪梅 蒋建国[1] 高敏 李明菊 孙定勇[1] SUN Jianwei;ZHAO Ahui;LUO Hongmei;JIANG Jianguo;GAO Min;LI Mingju;SUN Dingyong(Institute of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;Maternal and Child Health Center of the National Health Commission)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制所,河南郑州450016 [2]国家卫生健康委妇幼健康中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第10期750-754,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的了解河南省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓情况及影响因素,为结核病防治工作提供科学依据。方法2020年12月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法选取河南省≥15岁的1197名常住居民作为调查对象开展结核病防治核心信息问卷调查。采用描述性方法分析结核病防治核心信息知晓情况,采用χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果河南省公众结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为84.39%,全部知晓率为58.81%,结核病性质、传播途径、症状、预防措施和治疗预后信息的知晓率分别为82.54%、90.14%、89.89%、83.71%、75.69%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,河南省公众结核病核心信息全部知晓率的影响因素有性别(以男性为参照,女性OR=0.952,95%CI:0.549~0.888)、年龄(以15~<25岁组为参照,25~<35岁组OR=1.696,95%CI:1.036~2.777;35~<45岁组OR=1.807,95%CI:1.078~3.027)、文化程度(以小学及以下为参照,初中及同等学历OR=1.384,95%CI:1.021~1.876;高中及同等学历OR=2.033,95%CI:1.383~2.989;大学及以上OR=3.032,95%CI:1.917~4.796)。结论河南省公众结核病防治核心信息总知晓率尚未达到国家规划(>85%)要求,需进一步加强结核病健康教育工作,尤其是针对低文化程度、老年人等重点人群的结核病防治知识宣传教育。Objective To assess the awareness results of core tuberculosis information among residents in Henan Province,identify factors influencing this awareness,and provide evidence-based recommandations for tuberculosis prevention and treatment.Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 1197 permanent residents aged 15years and above in Henan Province for a tuberculosis control knowledge questionnaire survey.Descriptive analysis was conducted to assess the awareness levels,followed by Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors affecting public awareness.Results The overall awareness rate for core tuberculosis information in Henan Province was 84.39%,with 58.81%of subjects knew all the core information,and specific awareness rates for the nature,transmission,symptoms,prevention,and prognosis of tuberculosis at 82.54%,90.14%,89.89%,83.71%,and 75.69%,respectively.Multivariable logistic regression revealed gender(OR=0.952,95%CI:0.549-0.888 for females,with males as the reference),age groups(25-<35years:OR=1.696,95%CI:1.036-2.777;35-<44 years:OR=1.807,95%CI:1.078-3.027,with 15-<25 years old group as the reference),and education levels(junior high school and equivalent:OR=1.384,95%CI:1.021-1.876;senior high school and equivalent:OR=2.033,95%CI:1.383-2.989;university and above:OR=3.032,95%CI:1.917-4.796,using elementary school and below as the reference)as the significant factors influencing awareness.Conclusions Public awareness of core TB information in Henan Province has not met the national targeted of over 85%.There is a need to intensify TB health education efforts,particularly for for key demographics,such as those with lower literacy levels and the elderly.

关 键 词：结核病 核心信息 知晓率 健康教育 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]