香蕉茎秆轧辊式压榨脱水机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of a banana stems roller press dewatering machine

作　　者：徐树英[1] 陈淦兴 林常[1] 刘世豪[2] XU Shuying;CHEN Ganxing;LIN Chang;LIU Shihao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学化学化工学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学机电工程学院,海口570228

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第19期21-32,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(521RC500)。

摘　　要：针对香蕉收获后剩余的香蕉茎秆废弃物难处理以及蕉农的劳动强度大和效率低等问题,该研究设计了一种香蕉茎秆轧辊式压榨脱水机,适用于需收集香蕉茎秆汁液和茎秆纤维的南方香蕉种植地区。该机构根据茎秆易缠绕、难粉碎或难切片的特性采用逐渐开口减小的四级轧辊式压辊,并对压辊表面进行了花纹设计。根据结构紧凑、功率消耗少、动力分配合理等原则,设计了同步四级压辊转速以及驱动输料和排渣机构的传动机构。通过力学分析得到了压辊间隙作为压辊对茎秆压力大小的影响因素之一。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA模块对香蕉茎秆进行压榨脱水分析,验证压榨机构压榨脱水的可行性和可靠性。香蕉茎秆压榨脱水试验结果表明香蕉茎秆脱水率在28.00%~46.29%左右,所设计的压榨脱水机极大地减少了香蕉茎秆的体积和质量,减少了蕉农的劳动强度和运输成本,便于香蕉茎秆废弃物的后续的高值化利用。Aiming at the problems of the difficulty to deal with the waste of banana stems after harvest and the high labor intensity and low efficiency of banana farmers,a banana stem roller squeeze dehydrator was designed,which aimed to realize the squeeze dehydration of the whole stem of banana stems in order to obtain the juice and fiber of banana stems.The banana stem roller squeeze dehydrator was mainly composed of juice storage tank,dehydration frame,upper pressure roll group,lower pressure roll group,transmission mechanism,feeding mechanism and so on.First of all,according to the characteristics of banana stems,such as easy winding and not easy to crush or slice,a four-stage roller squeeze mechanism with gradually reduced opening was designed.The four-stage roller squeeze mechanism was a classification squeeze,the first three stages of the roller were responsible for conveying and preliminary squeezing,and the fourth stage of the roller was mainly dehydrated.The upper and lower stages of the roller gap can be adjusted to adapt to different specifications of banana stems.The adjustment of the gap of the first stage of the roller was for the convenience of feeding,and the adjustment of the gap of the fourth stage of the roller was for the remarkable dehydration rate.The pattern design of the roller surface increased the friction between the roller and the banana stem,ensuring the smooth juice discharge of the squeeze mechanism and preventing the banana stem fiber from winding the roller.The transmission mechanism was designed,which made the angular velocity of the four-stage roller remain the same through the gear transmission,and drove the feeding mechanism and the slag discharge mechanism through the chain transmission.The first pair of rollers were analyzed by force,and the approximate diameter range of bananas that can enter the squeeze mechanism was obtained.Combined with the design of the roller pattern,the feeding was smooth.The mechanical analysis of the roller squeeze mechanism was carried out,and the theoret

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 试验 香蕉茎秆 压榨脱水 

分 类 号：S226.79[农业科学—农业机械化工程]