生物质灰滤材性能调控及成型机理  

Performance regulation and forming mechanism of biomass ash filter material

作　　者：刘念 屈智超 高森奥 曹红亮[1] 艾平[1] 牛文娟 LIU Nian;QU Zhichao;GAO Sen'ao;CAO Hongliang;AI Ping;NIU Wenjuan(Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Facilities Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部水产养殖设施工程重点实验室,华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第19期197-207,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32201685)。

摘　　要：针对循环水养殖尾水污染物浓度低、处理通量大、净化成本高等问题,研发新型环保生物质灰滤材,以实现养殖尾水绿色、经济、高效脱氮除磷。围绕生物质灰滤材冷压烧结过程,研究不同睏料时间、烧结温度、保温时间下制得滤材的性能差异与结构特征,解析滤材性能调控机制,阐明滤材烧结成型机理,并对其氮磷吸附效果进行评估。结果表明,烧结温度为影响滤材性能的主控因素。更高烧结温度下,生物质灰中硅灰石与黄长石相向钙长石相的转变,促进了滤材透水孔隙向气孔孔隙的转化,进而实现滤材的性能调控。不经睏料,在1 170℃保温40 min制得生物质灰滤材具有较好综合性能,对磷酸盐-磷与亚硝酸盐-氮的单位吸附量和去除率分别达到0.996 mg/g、2.767%与0.317 mg/g、0.881%,优于陶粒、天然沸石、生物炭等主流商用滤材。该研究结果表明生物质灰滤材能够满足循环水养殖尾水脱氮除磷需求。In order to solve problems such as low pollutant concentrations,large treatment volumes and high purification costs in tailwater treatment of recirculating aquaculture systems,a new renewable biomass ash filter material was developed to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from tailwater,which is environment-friendly,economical and highly effective.Properties of biomass ash filter materials produced under different conditions were studied through orthogonal experiments with sintering temperature,keeping time and material trapped time as factors and the main control factors affecting the properties of filter materials were obtained.The pore evolution and forming principle of the filter material during the sintering process can be inferred by characterizing and analyzing the structural characteristics and microscopic morphology of biomass ash filter materials produced at different sintering temperatures.This helps to clarify the performance control mechanism of these filter materials via their different structures.Based on this,the biomass ash filter material that has the best performance could be selected as a test group.And commercial filter materials including biochar,ceramic granules and natural zeolite were used as control groups to conduct phosphate and nitrite adsorption tests to evaluate the adsorption performance of the biomass ash filter material.The results show that sintering temperature is the main control factor affecting the properties of biomass ash filter materials.As the sintering temperature increases,wollastonite,melilite and anorthite phases are generated sequentially in the filter materials,which leads to a series of microstructure transformations,such as crystallization,vitrification and precipitation.This is the reason for the formation of the different pore structures.In this process,water pores in the filter materials are gradually converted into closed pores.This causes positive effects of high sintering temperature on stomatal porosity,total porosity,and compressive strength.It also brings neg

关 键 词：生物质 灰 滤材 烧结 成型机理 吸附性能 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]