镉胁迫对泰山白首乌种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Cynanchum bungei Decne.

作　　者：王焜佳 张珂璠 李欣培 崔立娟 王厚伟[1,2] 王飞 徐凌川 Wang Kunjia;Zhang Kefan;Li Xinpei;Cui Lijuan;Wang Houwei;Wang Fei;Xu Lingchuan(School of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Shandong Provincial University Rare Characteristic Chinese Medicine Biological Engineering Research Center,Jinan 250355,China;Shandong Yuhua Jingchen Ecological Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,山东济南250355 [2]山东省高等学校名贵特色中药生物工程研究中心,山东济南250355 [3]山东御华景宸生态农业发展有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2024年第10期86-92,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省中医药管理局中医药科技发展计划项目(2019-0976);国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004)。

摘　　要：为探明泰山白首乌对重金属镉的耐受性及镉对泰山白首乌的作用机理,本试验以泰山白首乌种子、幼苗为材料,用不同浓度(0、5、50、100、200、400μmol/L和800μmol/L)氯化镉对泰山白首乌种子、萌发幼苗及土培苗进行胁迫处理,研究镉胁迫对其种子萌发、幼苗生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明:随着镉浓度升高,泰山白首乌种子发芽势、发芽率总体均呈现先上升后下降趋势。不同浓度镉处理对泰山白首乌萌发幼苗根及茎的伸长均表现为抑制作用,且镉浓度越大抑制作用越明显。土培条件下,镉能影响泰山白首乌幼苗生长,随着镉浓度升高总体呈现先促后抑趋势,即低浓度镉处理可使植株地上部增高,叶片数、生物量增加,高浓度镉处理则抑制植株生长,生物量降低,并出现叶片瘦小枯黄现象;镉浓度在100~400μmol/L之间时,土培苗叶绿素含量与对照差异均不显著,但其余镉处理对叶绿素含量增加有较大或显著抑制作用;镉处理组土培苗光合指标整体上随镉浓度升高呈现先上升后下降趋势。综之,泰山白首乌对镉胁迫具有一定的耐受性,一定浓度范围内镉处理可促进种子萌发与幼苗生长,随着镉浓度升高,其对种子萌发和幼苗生长均表现为抑制作用。In order to investigate the tolerance of Cynanchum bungei Decne.to heavy metal cadmium and the action mechanism of cadmium on it,the seeds and seedlings of C.bungei were treated with cadmium chloride at different concentrations(0,5,50,100,200,400,800μmol/L).The effects of cadmium stress on seed germination,seedling growth and photosynthetic characteristics were studied.The results showed that with the increase of cadmium concentration,both the germination potential and germination rate of the seeds increased first and then decreased.Cadmium treatments had inhibitory effects on root and stem elongation of the germinated seedlings,and the higher the concentration of cadmium was,the more obvious the inhibitory effect was.Under soil culture conditions,cadmium could affect the growth of C.bungei seedlings,showing a trend of first promoting and then inhibiting with the increase of cadmium concentration,that was,low concentration of cadmium could increase the plant height and the number and biomass of leaves,while high concentration of cadmium could inhibit the growth of plants,decrease the biomass,and lead to thin,small and yellow leaves.When the cadmium concentration was between 100 and 400μmol/L,there was no significant difference in chlorophyll content of the soil cultivated seedlings between cadmium treatments and the control,but the other cadmium treatments had larger or significant inhibitory effects on the increase of chlorophyll content.The photosynthetic indicators of soil cultivated seedlings in the cadmium treatments increased first and then decreased with the increase of cadmium concentration.In conclusion,C.bungei had a certain tolerance to cadmium stress,and cadmium treatment could promote seed germination and seedling growth within a certain range of concentration;but when the cadmium concentration increased,it showed inhibitory effects on both seed germination and seedling growth.

关 键 词：泰山白首乌 种子萌发 幼苗生长 镉胁迫 萌发特性 光合特性 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]