3种矮化中间砧对‘瑞阳’苹果果实品质及矿质元素含量的影响  

Effects of Different Dwarf Intermediate Anvils on Fruit Quality and Mineral ElementContent of ‘Ruiyang’ Apple

作　　者：张康宁 张晨蕾 孙鲁龙 樊良栋 高华[1] ZHANG Kangning;ZHANG Chenlei;SUN Lulong;FAN Liangdong;GAO Hua(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Station of Apple Experiment and Demonstration,Qingcheng Gansu 745100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]庆城县苹果试验示范站,甘肃庆城745100

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2024年第6期6-12,共7页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27);西北农林科技大学推广专项(TGZX2023-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】矮化密植栽培模式是促进苹果产业稳定发展的良好技术措施,优良矮化砧木的选择和利用至关重要。为此,对甘肃庆城M26、M9-T337、SH383种中间砧嫁接的‘瑞阳’苹果品质与矿质元素含量进行测定分析,拟筛选出甘肃陇东地区‘瑞阳’品种的适配性优良矮化中间砧,为‘瑞阳’品种在该地的推广种植及砧木筛选提供依据。【方法】以甘肃陇东地区6年生的‘瑞阳’苹果为试验材料,以新疆野苹果为基砧,对3种矮化中间砧嫁接的‘瑞阳’苹果的产量、果实品质以及矿质元素含量进行测定分析。【结果】M9-T337嫁接的‘瑞阳’平均单株产量最高(31.56 kg),显著高于SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’(22.88 kg);SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’苹果单果质量最低,显著低于其他两个处理;各处理间果形指数差异不显著;SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’硬度最高(7.73 kg/cm^(2)),显著高于M26 (6.77 kg/cm^(2))与M9-T337 (6.70 kg/cm^(2));SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’可溶性固形物质量分数显著高于M26与M9-T337;M26嫁接的‘瑞阳’可滴定酸含量最低,显著低于其他两个处理。在功能性营养物质方面,SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’总酚、总黄酮、维生素C含量最高,M26嫁接的‘瑞阳’总类黄酮含量最高;在矿质元素含量方面,M26嫁接的‘瑞阳’ N、 K元素含量最高,SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’Ca含量最高,各处理间P、Mg元素含量差异不显著。【结论】通过隶属函数分析各项果实指标得出,在甘肃陇东地区,与M26、M9-T337相比,SH38嫁接的‘瑞阳’果实品质较优、表现较好,试验可为陇东地区‘瑞阳’品种矮化砧木的筛选提供依据。【Objective】Dwarf close planting cultivation mode is a good technical measure to promote the stable development of apple industry,and the selection and utilization of excellent dwarf rootstocks is very important.Therefore,the quality and mineral element content of‘Ruiyang’apples grafted on three interstocks of M26,M9-T337 and SH38 in Qingcheng,Gansu Province were determined and analyzed.It was intended to screen out the excellent dwarfing interstocks of‘Ruiyang’cultivars in Longdong,Gansu Province,and provide a basis for the promotion and planting of‘Ruiyang’varieties in this area and the screening of rootstocks.【Methods】The yield,fruit quality and mineral element content of‘Ruiyang’apple grafted on three dwarfing interstocks were measured and analyzed with 6-year-old‘Ruiyang’apple in Longdong area of Gansu Province as the experimental material and Xinjiang wild apple as the base stock.【Results】The average yield per plant of‘Ruiyang’grafted with M9-T337 was the highest(31.56 kg),which was significantly higher than that of‘Ruiyang’grafted with SH38(22.88 kg).The single fruit weight of‘Ruiyang’apple grafted with SH38 was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that of the other two treatments.There was no significant difference in fruit shape index among different treatments.The hardness of‘Ruiyang’grafted with SH38 was the highest(7.73 kg/cm^(2)),which was significantly higher than that of M26(6.77 kg/cm^(2))and M9-T337(6.70 kg/cm^(2)).The mass fraction of soluble solids of SH38 grafted‘Ruiyang’was significantly higher than that of M26 and M9-T337.The titratable acid content of‘Ruiyang’grafted on M26 was the lowest,which was significantly lower than the other two treatments.In terms of functional nutrients,the content of total phenols,total flavonoids and vitamin C in‘Ruiyang’grafted with SH38 was the highest,and the content of total flavonoids in‘Ruiyang’grafted with M26 was the highest.In terms of mineral element content,M26 grafted‘Ruiyang�

关 键 词：‘瑞阳’苹果 矮化中间砧 果实品质 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]