蛋白质组氨酸甲基化  

Protein Histidine Methylation

作　　者：李蒙婷 唐自闽 葛胜祥[1,2,3] LI Meng-Ting;TANG Zi-Min;GE Sheng-Xiang(NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology,Xiamen University;State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics,Xiamen University;National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development of Infectious Disease,School of Public health,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学国家药监局传染性疾病检测技术研究与评价重点实验室,福建厦门361102 [2]厦门大学分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361102 [3]厦门大学国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心,公共卫生学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2024年第10期1343-1351,共9页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

摘　　要：蛋白质甲基化是生物体内常见的翻译后修饰。长期以来蛋白质甲基化的研究主要集中在精氨酸和赖氨酸上,关于组氨酸甲基化的报道较少,而最近的研究强调了组氨酸甲基化也是一种普遍存在且高度保守的修饰,该修饰发生在组氨酸咪唑环上的Nπ和Nτ位点,由特定的组氨酸甲基转移酶(PHMTs)催化。本文综述了组氨酸甲基化的研究历史和近年来取得的重要进展,重点强调了几个已知的组氨酸甲基转移酶,这些酶通过特定分子机制负责组氨酸上精确位点的甲基化修饰,其介导的甲基化在细胞运动、肿瘤细胞增殖和蛋白质翻译等过程中发挥重要作用。此外,本文还讨论了组氨酸甲基化的研究方法,特别是质谱技术的应用,在推动组氨酸甲基化研究中发挥重要作用。尽管组氨酸甲基化的面纱正在逐渐被揭开,对该修饰及其功能机制的完全理解仍存在挑战,因此,本文还对目前组氨酸甲基化的研究困境和未来的研究重点提出了一些新的见解,期待在未来揭开组氨酸甲基化更多的秘密,以扩展蛋白质甲基化修饰网络,为阐明疾病机制、开发新的治疗策略提供新的视角和策略。Protein methylation is a common post-translational modification in organisms.For a long time,research on protein methylation mainly focused on arginine and lysine,and there were few reports on histidine methylation.However,recent studies have emphasized that histidine methylation is also a widespread and highly conserved modification,occurring at the Nπ and Nτ sites of the histidine imidazole ring,catalyzed by specific protein histidine methyltransferases(PHMTs).Here,we review the history and significant advances in histidine methylation in recent years,particularly highlighting several known histidine methyltransferases.These methyltransferases,through specific molecular mechanisms,are responsible for precise methylation modifications on histidine residues,playing crucial roles in processes such as cell movement,tumor cell proliferation,and protein translation.Additionally,this article discusses the research methods for histidine methylation,especially the application of mass spectrometry,which plays a vital role in advancing histidine methylation research.Although the veil of histidine methylation is gradually being lifted,a complete understanding of this modification and its functional mechanisms still poses challenges.Therefore,this article also presents new insights into the current dilemmas in histidine methylation research and future research priorities,hoping to uncover more secrets of histidine methylation in the future.This could expand the protein methylation modification network and provide new perspectives and strategies for elucidating disease mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches.

关 键 词：组氨酸甲基化 组氨酸甲基转移酶 Nπ甲基化 Nτ甲基化 

分 类 号：Q517[生物学—生物化学]