考虑排放约束的内燃叉车多目标性能优化方法  

A Multi-objective Optimization Method for Comprehensive Performance of Internal Combustion Forklifts Considering Emission Constraints

作　　者：游铭娴 刘显贵 李颖新 王金鑫 YOU Mingxian;LIU Xiangui;LI Yingxing;WANG Jinxin(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China;Linde(China)Forklift Truck,Xiamen 361009,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院机械与汽车工程学院,福建厦门361024 [2]林德(中国)叉车有限公司,福建厦门361009

出　　处：《厦门理工学院学报》2024年第5期9-16,共8页Journal of Xiamen University of Technology

摘　　要：为在满足日益严格的非道路车辆排放法规要求的同时兼顾内燃叉车的动力性和燃油经济性,针对叉车整车性能在多目标优化过程中采用串行设计容易失去全局最优性能这一不足,提出考虑排放约束的内燃叉车多目标性能优化方法。该方法利用虚拟排放仿真手段将仿真平台和动态实验相结合,根据叉车各子系统能量消耗结果确定多目标优化函数及约束条件,再基于微粒群优化算法对叉车参数进行优化。使用优化后参数对实验叉车进行改进,结果表明,优化后的叉车NO_(X)、CO、CO_(2)排放量分别下降12.21%、12.85%和5.95%,燃油消耗下降8.56%,最高车速提升0.33%,最大爬坡度增加6.54%,加速时间减少0.70%,有效提升内燃叉车包含动力性、燃油经济性和排放特性在内的综合性能。In order to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations for off-road vehicles while taking into account the dynamics and fuel economy of the internal combustion forklift and address the defects of the serial design using which the forklift is prone to lose its comprehensive optimal performance during the multiobjective optimization,a multi-objective optimization method of the internal combustion forklift’s comprehensive performance was proposed with consideration of the emission constraints and focus on a specific type of internal combustion forklift truck.It integrated virtual emission simulation with dynamic experiments to build and validate a comprehensive simulation model for the forklift.By analyzing the energy consumption of various subsystems,it formulated a multi-objective optimization function and constraints,and using a particle swarm optimization algorithm,it optimized the forklift parameters and improved the experimental forklifts accordingly.Real-world validation showed a reduction in NO_(X),CO and CO_(2) emissions of 12.21%,12.85%and 5.95%respectively,and a reduction in fuel consumption of 8.56%.In addition,there was a 0.33%increase in maximum speed,a 6.54%increase in maximum gradient and a 0.70%reduction in acceleration time.This method has effectively improved the overall performance of the internal combustion forklift truck in dynamic performance,fuel economy and emission performance.

关 键 词：内燃叉车 性能优化 多目标优化 排放特性 微粒群优化算法 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]