真空蒸馏提纯金属镱的理论及实验研究  

Theoretical and Experimental Research on the Purification of Metal Ytterbium by Vacuum Distillation

作　　者：刘维赛 苏正夫 赵瑞山 贾帅广 焦照临 黄美松 LIU Wei-sai;SU Zheng-fu;ZHAO Rui-shan;JIA Shuai-guang;JIAO Zhao-lin;HUANG Mei-song(Hunan Research Institute for Rare Earth Metal Materials Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410126,China;Hunan Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Functional Materials,Changsha 410126,China;Hunan Rare Earth Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410329,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南稀土金属材料研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410126 [2]稀土功能材料湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410126 [3]湖南高创稀土新材料有限责任公司,湖南长沙410329

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2024年第5期1-5,共5页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905203);湖南省十大技术攻关项目(2023GK1080)。

摘　　要：采用Miedema模型研究了真空蒸馏提纯金属镱过程中Ca、Mg、Mn等杂质的分离特性及分离规律,并根据理论分析结果开展了不同温度下镱的真空蒸馏提纯实验。计算结果表明:在1 000℃以下杂质Fe、Al、Cu、Ni与Yb的饱和蒸气压差值Δp*极大,而杂质Mg、Ca、Mn与Yb的Δp*很小;随着温度降低,分离系数β_(Ca, Yb)逐渐增大,而分离系数β_(Mg, Yb)和β_(Mn, Yb)保持稳定,杂质Mg、Ca、Mn的挥发速率急剧下降。实验结果表明,在700℃下真空蒸馏可有效去除金属镱中的杂质Mg、Ca、Mn。The Miedema model was used to study the separation characteristics and rules of Ca,Mg,Mn and other impurities during the vacuum distillation purification of metal ytterbium.Based on the theoretical analysis results,vacuum distillation purification experiments of ytterbium at different temperatures were carried out.The calculation results show that the difference in saturated vapor pressure(p*)between the impurities Fe,Al,Cu,and Ni and Yb is extremely large,while the p*between the impurities Mg,Ca,and Mn and Yb is very small below 1000℃.As the temperature decreases,the separation coefficient β_(Ca,Yb) gradually increases,β_(Mg,Yb) and β_(Mn,Yb) remain stable,and the volatilization rate of the impurities Mg,Ca,and Mn decreases sharply.The experimental results show that vacuum distillation can effectively remove the impurities Mg,Ca,and Mn in metal ytterbium at 700℃.

关 键 词：镱 真空蒸馏 MIEDEMA模型 分离系数 挥发速率 

分 类 号：TF845.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]