数字平台生态中社会评价模式的异化与治理:能力正义理论的启示  

Alienation and Governance of Social Evaluation Models in Digital Platform Ecology:Implications from the Capabilities Approach to Justice

作　　者：曹钺 Yue Cao

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新媒体与社会》2024年第2期212-222,M0014,共12页New Media and Society

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“重大突发公共事件媒介化治理的多元协同机制研究”(项目编号:22AXW007)。

摘　　要：以探索“流量密码”的乱象和网络暴力为表征,当前平台内容治理在生产端和消费端均容易陷入“打地鼠”的迷局。本文将内容治理的困境归咎于平台生态中社会评价模式的异化,即单一、量化的评价思维简化了不同益品的价值,使人们陷入零和竞争与各种错待。努斯鲍姆能力正义理论的引入,有助于将“社会评价”阐释为一种交往实践,而非市场供需中的筹码,并且它能够培育人类的核心能力。国家、社会、平台等主体在扭转刻板偏见,保障用户消极自由,促进公共讨论等方面的联动,可以在实践中真正推动多元化评价模式的建立。Represented by the chaotic performance for pursuing“traffic secrets”and the prevalence of cyberbullying,the platformed content governance today often finds itself caught in a“whack-a-mole”trap at both the production and consumption stages.This paper attributes the predicaments of content governance to the alienated social evaluations in platform ecology,where a singular and quantified evaluation model reduces the value of different goods,and leads individuals into zero-sum competitions and misrecognitions.The incorporation of Nussbaum's capabilities approach to justice enables us to reinterpret‘social evaluation'as a kind of communicative action that fosters the core human capabilities,rather than mere tokens in market transactions.The collaborative actions between the state,society and platforms can prompt the establishment of a diversified evaluation model,through overturning entrenched social biases,ensuring users'negative freedom,and facilitating public discussions.

关 键 词：平台治理 社会评价体系 能力正义 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] G206[政治法律—中外政治制度]