《商标法》第30条相对理由审查条款评注  

A Commentary on Article 30 of the Trademark Law Regarding Relative Grounds for Examination

作　　者：杜颖[1] Du Ying

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学

出　　处：《知识产权》2024年第10期60-81,共22页Intellectual Property

摘　　要：《商标法》第30条是相对理由审查条款,其主要目的是防止注册商标与在先申请或者注册的商标发生冲突。该条明确规定了商标近似性以及商品类似性两个审查要件,存在近似性判断优先抑或类似性判断优先之争,但在以申请商标是否可能导致相关公众与在先商标混淆为判断标准并采取多因素综合分析方法进行混淆可能性判定的情况下,所有要素应无逻辑先后之分,且综合考量、彼此消长。基于商标权私权的本质属性以及保护消费者免受混淆,审查实践应有条件地承认共存协议的效力,同时在引证商标或者争议商标是地理标志时,出于政策以及客体属性的特殊性考虑,应适当地向地理标志保护倾斜。Article 30 of P.R.C.Trademark Law provides a relative ground for trademark application examination and mainly intends to prevent the conflict between the examined trademark and trademarks prior registered or applied for.This provision explicitly stipulates two examination requirements:similarity of the marks and proximity of the goods.There is a debate over which requirement shall take precedence,however,when likelihood of confusion upon the relevant sector of general public is regarded as the legal base and multifactor test is employed to determine the likelihood of confusion,all factors interacting and balancing with each other shall be weighed equally.Given trademark's nature as private right and the fact that protection of trademark is intended to avoid consumer confusion,examination practice shall conditionally accept trademark co-existence agreement.When senior trademark is a GI,public policy and special attributes of GI demand a stronger protection for GI.

关 键 词：相对理由 商标近似 商品类似 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]