泉州山美水库一重山林相改造树种适应性试验  

Experimental study on tree species selection for the transformation of the primary forest landscape Quanzhou in Shanmei Reservoir

作　　者：许晓鹏 XU Xiaopeng(Shanmei Reservoir Water Resources Allocation Center,Quanzhou 362000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市山美水库水资源调配中心,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《福建林业》2024年第5期45-48,共4页Fujian Forestry

基　　金：泉州市水利专项建设项目(泉水管〔2018〕46号)。

摘　　要：为选择适合水库周边林相改造的树种,选用枫香、黄连木和黄金宝树在泉州市山美水库大坝右侧一重山林地进行试验性造林,对参试树种的林分抗逆性、生长适应性进行对比分析。结果表明:参试的3个树种均有较强的抗风性、抗旱性和抗病虫害能力,但耐性相差较大,其中黄连木和黄金宝树的耐寒性差,在极端低温达到-2.0℃~-1.5℃的寒流天气下,出现轻微至中度寒害,而枫香耐寒性较强,无冻害发生;枫香保存率和生长量均最高,造林5 a,林分保存率平均达91.91%,林分平均树高、胸径和冠幅分别达4.27 m、4.76 cm和145.32 cm,林分树高、胸径和冠幅年生长量分别为45.4 cm、0.35 cm和19.06 cm,且无病虫害,长势较好,已形成优势种。而黄连木和黄金宝树保存率分别仅27.21%和6.91%,生长也几乎陷于停滞。综合试验分析,参试3个树种中,枫香能够较好适应库周的林地环境条件,适应性、抗逆性强,生长相对较快,适合作为闽南库区林相改造的首选推荐树种。In order to select tree species suitable for the forest transformation around the reservoir,Liquidambar formosana,Pistacia chinensis and Melaleuca bracteata were selected for experimental afforestation in a mountainous forest on the right side of the Shanmei Reservoir dam.Comparative analysis was conducted on the stress resistance and growth adaptability of each tree species stand,and the results indicate that:The three tested tree species all had strong wind resistance,drought resistance,and resistance to pests and diseases,but their tolerance varies greatly.P.chinensis and M.bracteata show slight to moderate cold damage in extreme cold weather ranging from-2.0℃to-1.5℃.While L.formosana had stronger cold resistance and no freezing damage occurs;L.formosana had the highest preservation rate and growth,with an average preservation rate of 91.91%after 5 years of afforestation,its average tree height,DBH and crown width of the forest stand were 4.27 m,4.76 cm,and 145.32 cm,respectively.The annual growth of tree height,DBH and crown width of the forest stand were 45.4 cm,0.35 cm,and 19.06 cm,respectively,and there were no pests.the growth wad good,and it had formed a dominant species.However,the preservation rates of P.chinensis and M.bracteata were only 27.21%and 6.91%respectively,and their growth had almost stagnated.Based on comprehensive experimental analysis,among the three tested tree species,L.formosana can adapt well to the forest environment conditions around the reservoir,with strong adaptability and stress resistance,and relatively fast growth.It can be recommended as the preferred tree species for forest transformation in the southern Fujian reservoir area.

关 键 词：山美水库 林相改造 枫香 黄连木 黄金宝树 适应性 

分 类 号：S757.2[农业科学—森林经理学]