长期施钾红壤中铁铝氧化物调控有机无机复合体钾素分布  

Fe and Al oxides regulate the distribution of available potassium in organo-mineral complexes of red soil under long-term potassium fertilization

作　　者：颜俊 韩天富 柳开楼 申哲 李继文 艾栋 张楚 李冬初[1,4] 张会民 YAN Jun;HAN Tian-fu;LIU Kai-lou;SHEN Zhe;LI Ji-wen;AI Dong;ZHANG Chu;LI Dong-chu;ZHANG Hui-min(National Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Farmland in North China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China;Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Jinxian,Jiangxi 331717,China;Hengyang Red Soil Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hunan Qiyang National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem,Qiyang,Hunan 426182,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]郑州大学农学院,河南郑州450000 [3]江西省红壤及种质资源研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西进贤331717 [4]中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站/湖南祁阳农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南祁阳426182

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第10期1845-1857,共13页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42207398,42477364,42367051);国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1901105);湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30616,2023JJ40653);井冈山农高区省级科技专项(20222-051246);国家农业重大科技项目课题(NK2022180305-1,NK2022180104)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究长期施用钾肥如何调控有机无机复合体中速效钾的分布及作用机制,为红壤钾库健康培育提供理论依据。【方法】旱地红壤长期定位试验始于1986年,2022年玉米收获后采集不施肥(CK)、化学氮磷肥配施(NP)、化学氮磷钾肥配施(NPK)3个处理的土样,通过干筛法获得各处理大团聚体(>2 mm)、小团聚体(0.25~2 mm)和微团聚体(<0.25 mm)土样,结合虹吸法进一步分离得到各级团聚体下的有机无机复合体(<2、2~10、10~50和>50μm)样品,分析各粒级有机无机复合体颗粒组成、速效钾和铁铝氧化物含量与分布,探究铁铝氧化物与速效钾之间的相互关系。【结果】1)与CK和NP处理相比,NPK处理大团聚体中<2μm粒级复合体含量占比分别提高20.5%和149.0%,10~50μm粒级复合体含量占比分别提高18.6%和降低31.0%。2)在0~50μm粒级复合体范围内,大、小和微团聚体中10~50μm粒级复合体速效钾含量均为最低水平。土壤速效钾主要存在于<2μm粒级复合体中,占比为54.6%~85.9%。与CK和NP处理相比,NPK处理大团聚体中<2μm粒级复合体速效钾含量占比分别提高44.6%和23.0%。3)与NP处理相比,NPK处理大团聚体<2μm粒级复合体游离铁、铝氧化物含量分别提高30.0%、467.0%,无定形态铁、铝氧化物含量分别降低79.7%、59.3%。与NP处理相比,NPK处理大团聚体<2μm粒级复合体有机络合态铝氧化物含量提高9.8%;10~50μm粒级复合体有机络合态铝氧化物含量降低33.2%。4)在<2μm粒级复合体中,游离态铁铝氧化物、无定形态铝氧化物和有机络合态铝氧化物与速效钾之间存在极显著的正相关关系。无定形态和有机络合态铝氧化物对速效钾含量分布解释度较高,分别为11.2%和11.0%。【结论】长期施用钾肥显著提高红壤旱地土壤大团聚体<2μm粒级复合体速效钾含量占比和游离态铁铝氧化物含量,降低无定形态铝氧化物含量。且无定形态、有机络�【Objectives】Exploring the effect of long-term application of potassium fertilizer on the distribution of available potassium in organic and inorganic complexes by affecting different forms of Al and Fe oxides in soil,to provide a theoretical basis for the healthy cultivation of the potassium pool in red soil.【Methods】Three treatments of no fertilization(CK),combined application of chemical nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer(NP),and combined application of chemical nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer(NPK) were selected from a longterm experiment of red soil in dryland initiated in 1986.Large(>2 mm),small(0.25-2 mm) and micro-aggregate(<0.25 mm) soil samples were obtained by a dry sieving method.The organic and inorganic complexes(<2,2-10,10-50,and >50 μm) were further separated by the pipette method.The composition of the organic and inorganic complexes,the content and distribution of available potassium,and Al-Fe oxides at each particle size level were analyzed,and the relationships between different Al-Fe oxides and available potassium were explored.【Results】1) Compared with CK and NP treatments,the content of <2 μm granular complexes increased by20.5% and 149.0%,respectively,while the content of 10-50 μm granular complexes increased by 18.6% and decreased by 31.0% in NPK treatment,respectively.2) In the range of 0-50 μm complex size,the content of10-50 μm complexes in large,small,and micro-aggregates was the lowest.Soil available potassium mainly existed in <2 μm particle size complexes,accounting for 54.6%-85.9%.Compared with CK and NP treatments,the content of <2 μm complexes in the NPK treatment increased by 44.6% and 23.0%,respectively.3) Compared with the NP treatment,the content of free Al(Fe) oxides in large aggregate <2 μm particle size complexes under NPK treatment significantly increased by 467.0%(30.0%),and the content of amorphous Al(Fe) oxides significantly decreased by 59.3%(79.7%).Compared with the NP treatment,the content of organically complexed Al oxides in <2 μm

关 键 词：长期施肥 速效钾 铁铝氧化物 有机无机复合体 红壤旱地 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]