不同类型土壤接种根瘤菌对大豆共生固氮和根际氮转化的影响  

Effects of rhizobial inoculation on soybean nodule N fixation and rhizospheric N transformation in different soil types

作　　者：张宗祥 王军 赵强 尚文鼎 金文俊 车钊 吴巩 王晓波[1] 宋贺[1] ZHANG Zong-xiang;WANG Jun;ZHAO Qiang;SHANG Wen-ding;JIN Wen-jun;CHE Zhao;WU Gong;WANG Xiao-bo;SONG He(College of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;College of Resource and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Crop Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [4]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第10期1883-1897,共15页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：安徽省高等学校科学研究自然科学类重点项目(2023AH050989);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1901002-2);蔬菜大豆经济高效生产技术研究项目(202204C06020026)。

摘　　要：【目的】接种根瘤菌是提高大豆产量和降低化学氮肥用量的重要技术。不同土壤类型会影响结瘤固氮和根际氮素转化,进而影响大豆根瘤菌的接种效果。然而,目前尚不清楚土壤类型对这些过程的作用机制。【方法】本研究在中国大豆主产区淮河流域选择两种主要土壤类型—黄褐土和砂姜黑土,比较两种土壤类型中接种和不接种根瘤菌处理下,大豆植株氮积累、结瘤固氮能力、根际自生固氮能力、硝化和反硝化能力以及相关微生物氨氧化古菌(AOA)、氨氧化细菌(AOB)、亚硝酸盐还原酶基因(narG)和固氮酶基因(nifH)群落组成的差异。【结果】在两种土壤中接种根瘤菌均显著影响大豆结瘤固氮、根际自生固氮、硝化和反硝化过程及相关微生物群落组成。在黄褐土中,与对照相比,接种根瘤菌会显著提高植株氮素积累量,植株氮素积累量在初花期(R1)和花荚期(R4)分别提高33.6%和24.9%;结构方程模型结果表明,植株氮素积累量的增加与根瘤数量增加、根瘤固氮能力的提高以及AOA和AOB丰度降低导致的硝化潜力下降有关。在砂姜黑土中,与对照相比,接种根瘤菌导致大豆植株的氮素积累量在R1和R4期分别显著降低了21.7%和20.7%;结构方程模型显示,植株氮素积累量的降低与根瘤内生固氮菌结构的改变、根瘤固氮能力降低以及硝化潜力增强有关。在两种类型土壤中,植株氮素积累与大豆结瘤固氮能力和根际硝化过程显著相关。【结论】不同类型土壤中根瘤菌接种效果的差异与根瘤内生固氮菌群落结构和根瘤数量以及根际硝化过程强度改变有关,对这些过程的调节是克服差异化土壤类型对接种根瘤菌效果限制的关键。【Objectives】Inoculation rhizobial is an important technology for increasing soybean yields and reducing the use of chemical nitrogen(N) fertilizers.Diverse soil types can influence symbiotic N fixation,as well as N transformations within the rhizosphere,thereby affecting the efficacy of rhizobial inoculation in soybeans.However,the mechanistic roles of soil type in these processes remain to be elucidated.【Methods】In this study,two major soil types,yellow cinnamon(Y) soil and lime concretion black(M) soil,were selected in the Huai River Basin,the main soybean production area in China,to investigate the impacts of rhizobial inoculation on soybean N accumulation,symbiotic N fixation,rhizospheric N transformation including free-living N-fixation,nitrification and denitrification capacity,and associated with the community composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA),ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),nitrite reductase gene(narG) and nitrogenase gene(nifH)【Results】Inoculation rhizobial affected symbiotic N-fixation,rhizospheric free-living N-fixation,nitrification and denitrification processes and associated microbial community composition of soybean differed significantly across soil types.In Y soil,rhizobial inoculation significantly improved plant nitrogen accumulation.Compared to the non-inoculated treatment,plant N accumulation was increased by 33.6% and 24.9% at the initial flowering stage(R1) and flowering and pod stage(R4),respectively.Structural equation modelling(PLS-PM) results indicated that the increase in plant N accumulation was associated with an increase in nodules number,an increase in the symbiotic N-fixation capacity of the rhizomes,and a decrease in the nitrification potential by decreasing the abundance of AOA and AOB.In M soil,rhizobial inoculation significantly reduced plant N accumulation.Compared to the non-inoculated treatment,plant nitrogen accumulation was reduced by 21.7% and 20.7% at R1and R4 stages,respectively.PLS-PM showed that the reduction in plant N accumulation was associ

关 键 词：根瘤菌 结瘤固氮 硝化 反硝化 自生固氮 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]