潮湿环境下露天石质文物盐致劣化机理  

Mechanism of deterioration in open-air stone cultural relics due to salt erosion in humid environments

作　　者：张良帅 王柔 贾一鸣 陈家昌 崔新战 叶琳 刘远坚 杨阳[5] 牛英彬 ZHANG Liangshuai;WANG Rou;JIA Yiming;CHEN Jiachang;CUI Xinzhan;YE Lin;LIU Yuanjian;YANG Yang;NIU Yingbin(Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Zhengzhou 450000,P.R.China;Key Scientific Research Base of Urban Archaeology and Heritage Conservation State Administration of Cultural Heritage,Zhengzhou 450000,P.R.China;Chongqing Culture Relics and Archaeology Research Institute,Chongqing 400013,P.R.China;National Maritime Museum of China,Tianjin 300467,P.R.China;Scholl of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南省文物考古研究院,郑州450000 [2]城市考古与保护国家文物局重点科研基地,郑州450000 [3]重庆市文物考古研究院,重庆400013 [4]天津国家海洋博物馆,天津300467 [5]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2024年第10期86-98,共13页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：河南省重点研发专项(231111321100);重庆市文物考古研究院绩效激励引导专项(2021JL02);重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0742);重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(cstc2022jxj100010);国家社科基金资助项目(21BKG027)。

摘　　要：为研究可溶盐侵蚀导致的潮湿环境下露天石窟寺的劣化机理。以重庆石佛寺遗址摩崖造像为研究对象,采用扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪、X射线衍射分析仪、X射线荧光分析仪、离子色谱分析仪、红外热成像仪等多重分析手段对石佛寺遗址摩崖造像表面病害及劣化产物进行科学分析与表征,厘清了可溶盐主要的种类与来源。在分析数据的基础上,结合石质文物本体构成与环境变化综合分析,探讨了潮湿环境下石质文物中可溶盐的作用模式,为石质文物保护提供了科学依据。To study the deterioration mechanism of open-air stone cultural relics in humid environments caused by soluble salt erosion,the cliff carvings of Shifosi in Chongqing were examined.Multiple analytical techniques,such as scanning electron microscope energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,X-ray fluorescence,ion chromatography,and infrared thermal imaging,were employed to characterize surface deterioration and soluble salt types.Moreover,the study analyzed the effect of soluble salts on cave temples in humid environments,providing a scientific basis for preserving stone cultural relics.

关 键 词：潮湿环境 露天 石质文物 可溶盐 劣化 侵蚀 

分 类 号：TU503[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] K857.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]