防洪综合治理对小清河流域幸福状况的影响  

Impacts of Comprehensive Flood Control Management on Happiness Level of Xiaoqing River Basin

作　　者：杨程珺 武玮 张文飞 刘笑语 Yang Chengjun;Wu Wei;Zhang Wenfei;Liu Xiaoyu(School of Water Resources and Environment,Jinan University,Jinan,Shandong 250022,China;Haihe Xiaoqing River Basin Water Conservancy Management Service Center,Shandong Province,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]山东省海河淮河小清河流域水利管理服务中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2024年第5期234-242,314,共10页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：小清河防洪综合治理工程科学研究试验项目“基于小清河流域的“幸福河”综合评价理论及驱动机制研究”(XQHFHZL-KY202003)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确防洪综合治理工程对河流幸福状况提升的影响,提升幸福河建设水平,为山东省河流幸福河评价与建设提供理论依据。[方法]本研究以小清河为研究对象,从水安全、水资源、水环境、水生态和水文化5个准则层选取20个评价指标,建立了基于“目标层-准则层-指标层”的多层次幸福河评价指标体系,并进行幸福状况评价,识别了阻碍幸福河建设的主要障碍因子。运用基于层次分析法和反熵权法的组合赋权法分别确定了城区段和乡村段的指标权重,采用河流幸福指数进行幸福河评价,并通过障碍度筛选影响幸福河建设的主要障碍因子。[结果]①城区段以水域面积保留率的权重最高,乡村段以堤岸防洪标准达标率占比最高。②治理前城区段和乡村段幸福状况分别为幸福和一般偏下等级,治理后幸福状况均得到提升,城区段保持幸福等级,乡村段提升为一般偏上等级。③从准则层来看,影响城区段幸福河建设的主要障碍因子为水资源准则层,影响乡村段的主要障碍因子主要集中在水安全、水资源和水文化准则层。[结论]未来提升河流幸福状况需通过水库蓄水、调水等工程措施提高水资源供水能力,保持河道行洪畅通性和河势稳定,以保障河流防洪安全。[Objective]The impact of comprehensive flood control projects on the improvement of river happiness was analyzed in order to improve the construction level of happy rivers,and provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation and construction of happy rivers in Shandong Province.[Methods]Taking Xiaoqing River basin as the research object,a multi-level happy river evaluation index system,based on the“goal layer-criteria layer-index layer”was established,including 20 indices from 5 criteria layers:water safety,water resources,water environment,water ecology,and water culture.It also evaluated the state of well-being and identified the main obstacles that hindered the construction of happy rivers.A combination weighting method based on the analytic hierarchy process and reverse entropy weight method was applied to determine the indices weights at urban and rural sections and identify the main obstacles affecting the construction of happy rivers through the obstacle degree.[Results]①Watershed area retention had the highest weight in the urban section,and the percentage of levee flood defense standard compliance had the highest weight in the rural section.②Before the construction of the flood control project,the happiness levels of the urban and rural sections were generally lower.After construction,the happiness levels in both sections improved;happiness was maintained in the urban section and improved to a generally higher level in the rural section.③In the criteria layer,the main obstacle affecting the construction of happy rivers in the urban section focused on the water resource layer,and the main obstacle affecting the rural section focused on the water safety,water resources,and water culture layers.[Conclusion]To improve the happiness level of rivers,it is necessary to enhance the water supply capacity through reservoir storage and water diversion projects,maintain a smooth flow in flood channels,and stabilize river courses to ensure flood control safety.

关 键 词：幸福河 评价体系 反熵权法 组合赋权法 小清河流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]