聚变装置用氚运输容器设计现状分析及监管建议  

Design Status and Regulation Recommendations of Tritium Transport Packages Used in Fusion Devices

作　　者：潘玉婷 曹芳芳 李城林 刘念 PAN Yuting;CAO Fangfang;LI Chengin;LIU Nian(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEE,Beijing 102401,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京102401

出　　处：《包装工程》2024年第21期9-14,共6页Packaging Engineering

摘　　要：目的充分了解国内外聚变装置用氚运输容器的设计应用现状,通过对照国外设计实践经验,为更好地实现国内运输容器自主研发及监管提出建议。方法调研和分析国际上主要聚变装置用氚的运输容器设计及应用现状,以及国内运输容器的研发、应用状况,梳理了自主化研发运输容器的关注点。结果以金属氚化物的形式固定和运输氚是公认最安全的方式。国际上主要核大国已研发的聚变装置用氚运输容器均按B(U)型包设计,装载量多数为几十克氚量级,考虑到氚的易泄漏和迁移风险,均设置了多层包容系统,且结合氚的衰变特性,容器设计需要考虑衰变产生的氦气(3He)、衰变热致使压力温度升高下容器的包容性。结论建议结合国际氚运输设计和实践经验,注重聚变装置用氚运输容器的研发,并制定相应技术标准和监管细则。The work aims to understand the current design and application status of tritium transport packages both domestically and internationally and propose recommendations based on the experiences of foreign countries to facilitate the independent development of domestic transport packages and regulations.A survey and analysis of the design and application status of tritium transport packages used in fusion devices at home and abroad were conducted,highlighting key design concerns.It was recognized that the safest method for transporting tritium was in the form of metal tritium.Tritium transport packages for fusion devices were all designed as Type B(U)packages,with a loading capacity typically in the range of tens of grams of tritium.To mitigate the risks of tritium leakage and migration,multi-containment systems were incorporated into the design of these packages.Furthermore,considerations must be made for the decay of tritium,the production of helium-3(3He),and the decay heat,which could lead to increased pressure and temperature.Therefore,it is recommended to pay attention to the research and development of tritium transport packages for fusion devices,along with the formulation of corresponding technical standards and regulatory guidelines based on international design experiences.

关 键 词：聚变装置 氚 运输容器 容器设计 运输监管 

分 类 号：TL93[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]