高温环境下碳纤维层合板的抗弹性能分析  

Analysis of Anti-ballistic Performance of Carbon Fiber Laminates at High Temperature

作　　者：张健 田扬 李智 林作泓 ZHANG Jian;TIAN Yang;LI Zhi;LIN Zuohong(Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Hubei Xiangyang 441053,China;Wenzhou Engineering Survey Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325006,China;North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院纯电动汽车动力系统设计与测试湖北省重点实验室,湖北襄阳441053 [2]温州工程勘察院有限公司,浙江温州325006 [3]中北大学,太原030051

出　　处：《包装工程》2024年第21期260-267,共8页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2021M701130);湖北省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金(2024AFD042);襄阳市基础研究类科技计划(2022ABH006271)。

摘　　要：碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)层合板的轻质防护结构设计需要考虑其在极端环境下的抗冲击性能,尤其是高温环境特征。方法采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方式开展了CFRP层合板在高温下的抗弹性能和损伤机制分析。结果结果发现,在25(常温)、75和125℃下,2mm厚度的CFRP层合板的弹道极限分别是191、176和189 m/s。由此可知,CFRP层合板的弹道极限随着温度的升高呈先降后升趋势。随着冲击能量的增加,层合板能量吸收呈线性增加。在冲击能量较低时,CFRP层合板能量吸收随温度升高而增大;随着冲击能量的增加,温度对能量吸收的影响逐渐减小。在球弹的高速撞击下,层合板正面出现凹陷,背面出现凸起,损伤模式主要为纤维断裂、基体压溃和纤维分层等。其中,相比常温环境,高温下层合板的背面凸起显著减小,但侵彻通道附近的分层损伤会加重,产生的纤维碎屑会减少。对比层合板的分层失效特征,发现环境温度为75℃时损伤最严重。结论研究结果可为CFRP层合板在航空航天、民用等轻型装甲防护结构中的设计和应用提供依据和参考。The design of lightweight protective structures with CFRP laminates needs to consider their impact resistance performance under extreme environmental conditions,particularly in high temperature environments.A combination of experimental testing and numerical simulations was used to study the anti-ballistic performance and damage mechanisms of CFRP laminates at high temperature.The ballistic limits of 2 mm thick CFRP laminates at temperatures of 25℃(room temperature),75℃,and 125℃were 191 m/s,176 m/s,and 189 m/s,respectively.This indicated that the ballistic limit of CFRP laminates decreased initially and then increased with rising temperature.As the impact energy increased,the energy absorption of the laminates increased linearly.At lower impact energies,the energy absorption of CFRP laminates increased with rising temperature.However,as impact energy increased,the effect of temperature on energy absorption gradually diminished.Under high-speed impacts by spherical projectiles,the front surface of the laminate showed indentation,while the rear surface exhibited bulging.The main damage modes included fiber breakage,matrix crushing,and fiber delamination.Compared to room temperature,the bulging on the rear surface of the laminate was significantly reduced at high temperature,but delamination damage near the penetration channel intensified,and fewer fiber fragments were produced.Through the comparison on the delamination failure characteristics,it was found that damage was most severe at an environmental temperature of 75℃.The results of this study can provide a basis and reference for the design and application of CFRP laminates in lightweight armor protective structures for aerospace,military,and civilian applications.

关 键 词：CFRP层合板 抗弹性能 高温 损伤 能量吸收 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]