国产超细旦腈纶纺纱技术要点与研发实践  

Key Technical Points and Research and Development Practices of Domestic Ultra-fine Denier Acrylic Spinning Technology

作　　者：张红霞 程小明 吕治家 

机构地区：[1]魏桥纺织股份有限公司 [2]天津工业大学

出　　处：《纺织导报》2024年第6期25-28,共4页China Textile Leader

基　　金：泰山产业领军人才工程专项经费项目(tscx202312117);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2023CXGC010610)。

摘　　要：针对国产超细旦腈纶的纤维特性,文章深入探讨了其在纯纺成条及混纺过程中的技术难题,并提出了有效的纺纱工艺路线。通过对超细旦腈纶进行预处理;清梳工序采用集约式、短流程、柔分梳、快转移、重加压、紧集聚的加工工艺,同时匹配合理的分梳专件及适当的纺纱工艺参数;在前纺及细纱工序采用合理的处理方式减少静电积聚;并条工序采用3道条混工艺;粗纱与细纱工序采用重加压、强控制,同时细纱与络筒工序采取小张力的策略等,成功解决了超细旦腈纶因纤维线密度小、单强低等导致的分梳转移困难、静电积聚、可纺性差,以及纱线条干指标差、强力低及成纱毛羽高等问题,开发了莫代尔/超细旦腈纶/羊毛(50/30/20)7.38 tex集聚纺混纺纱。通过针织内衣面料的开发实践发现,超细旦腈纶混纺纱线可满足吸湿发热等功能性面料的开发与应用需求。Based on the fiber characteristics of domestically produced ultrafine denier acrylic fiber,this article elaborates on the technical difficulties in pure spinning and blending of ultrafine denier acrylic fiber,and puts forward an effective spinning process route.Through the pretreatment of ultrafine denier acrylic fibers;the cleaning process adopts an intensive short process,flexible combing,fast transfer,heavy pressure,and tight aggregation processing techniques while matching reasonable combing parts and appropriate spinning process parameters;reasonable treatment methods are adopted in the pre-spinning and spinning processes to reduce static electricity accumulation.After adopting three sliver blending processes in the drawing process,heavy pressurization and strong control in the roving and spinning process,and a small tension in the spinning and winding process,the problems of combing transfer difficulty,static electricity accumulation,low spinnability,poor yarn evenness index,low strength and high yarn hairiness caused by ultrafine denier acrylic due to its fine fiber fineness and low singular strength,are successfully solved.The production of modal/ultra-fine denier acrylic fiber/wool(50/30/20)three-component blended 7.38tex compact yarn has been achieved.Through the development of knitted underwear fabrics,it is believed that ultra-fine acrylic blended yarn can meet the development and application needs of functional fabrics such as moisture absorption and heat generation.

关 键 词：超细旦腈纶 纯纺成条 三组分混纺 吸湿发热 

分 类 号：TS104.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]