土壤改良剂对盐碱地万寿菊生长生理特性的影响  

Effects of soil amendments on the growth and physiological characteristics of Tagetes erecta

作　　者：谢乔乔 刘文兰[1] 李国虎 甘文宇 唐红[1] 田青[1] XIE Qiao-qiao;LIU Wen-lan;LI Guo-hu;GAN Wen-yu;TANG Hong;TIAN Qing(Forestry College of Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;Gansu Huayun Environmental Construction Engineering Co,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃华运环境建设工程股份有限公司,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2024年第5期141-150,共10页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：甘肃农业大学科技创新基金—学科建设专项基金(GAU-XKJS-2018-114);甘肃农业大学横向项目(GSAU-JSFW-2021-45-2);甘肃省高等学校创新能力提升项目(2019B-072)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同土壤改良剂对盐碱地万寿菊(Tagetes erecta)不同生育时期生长生理特性的影响。【方法】采用室内盆栽的方法,以兰州新区在中度盐碱地种植的万寿菊为研究对象,分析不施改良剂(CK),施过磷酸钙+硫酸亚铁(T1)、磷石膏(T2)和微生物菌剂(T3)4个处理对万寿菊3个生育时期生长生理特性的影响,并结合主成分分析和隶属函数,就3个时期对4个处理的改良效果进行评价。【结果】施用过磷酸钙+硫酸亚铁提高万寿菊叶片中的POD活性;施用磷石膏可以提高万寿菊的株高和叶片的POD活性;施用微生物菌剂能提高万寿菊的茎粗与叶片中的POD、CAT活性,叶片中的POD活性与对照相比差异显著(P<0.05)。通过主成分分析将施用改良剂处理下万寿菊的8个差异显著的指标归纳成2个主成分,累积贡献率达到92.5%;得到万寿菊的改良效果评价的主要指标:株高、茎粗、分枝数、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),通过隶属函数值评定不同处理下不同生育时期万寿菊的耐盐性强弱顺序为:拔节期,T3>T1>CK>T2;现蕾期,CK>T1>T3>T2;初花期,T1>T3>CK>T2。综合比对4种处理在中度盐碱地改良效果,由强到弱依次为微生物菌剂>过磷酸钙+硫酸亚铁>磷石膏>CK。【结论】施用效果最好的改良剂为微生物菌剂。本研究为园林植物在盐碱地绿化的应用方面提供了理论基础。【Objective】This study investigates the effects of various soil amendments on the growth and physiological characteristics of Tagetes erecta in salinealkali.【Method】Using a controlled potted experiment,we analyzed four treatments:no amendment(CK),calcium superphosphate+ferrous sulfate(T1),phosphogypsum(T2),and microbial inoculants(T3).The research focused on marigold plants grown in moderately salinealkali soil in Lanzhou New Area.Principal component analysis and membership function analysis were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments.【Result】The application of calcium superphosphate+ferrous sulfate increased POD activity in marigold leaves.Phosphogypsum improved both plant height and POD activity.Microbial innoculants notably enhanced stem diameter,as well asPOD and catalase(CAT)activities in leaves.Compared to the control,the deiffernces in POD activity were statistically significant(P<0.05).Specifically,the POD activity rankings were as follows:T3>T1>CK>T2(budding stage:CK>T1>T3>T2;early flowering period:T1>T3>CK>T2).Overall,the effectiveness of four treatments in moderate saline-alkali land ranked from strongest to weakeast as:microbial innoculant>calcium superphosphate+ferrous sulfate>phosphogypsum>CK.【Conclusion】In conclusion,the microbial mycorrhizal agent emerged as the most effective soil amendment.This study offers valuable insights for the application of landscape plants in the greening of saline land.

关 键 词：盐碱地 土壤改良剂 万寿菊 生长特性 生理特性 耐盐性评价 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]