穿越生物屏障的微纳米马达研究进展  

Research Progress of Micro/Nanomotors in Crossing Biological Barriers

作　　者：赵尉晨 齐曼霖 周菁 董彪[2] 王林[1] ZHAO Wei-Chen;QI Man-Lin;ZHOU Jing;DONG Biao;WANG Lin(School of Stomatology,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics,College of Electronic Science and Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学白求恩口腔医学院,长春130021 [2]吉林大学电子科学与工程学院,集成光电子重点实验室,长春130012

出　　处：《应用化学》2024年第10期1409-1424,共16页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.82170998)资助。

摘　　要：微纳米马达相较于传统纳米药物具有显著优势,其自主运动能力赋予其更多应用的可能性。然而,生物体内复杂的屏障系统,包括细胞屏障、组织屏障再到细菌生物膜屏障。这些生物屏障,从宏观到微观,通过高度选择性和物理阻隔机制阻碍药物到达靶点并发挥作用。因此,设计和优化微纳米马达,使其能够有效穿越生物屏障,是当前研究的重要挑战。本文重点介绍了微纳米马达在克服生物屏障近5年的研究进展,同时讨论了存在的挑战和未来的研究重点。随着研究者对微纳米马达的不断优化,未来微纳米马达能够开辟一种全新的治疗通道。通过突破传统药物难以逾越的生物屏障,为临床治疗提供更加精确和有效的解决方案。Compared to traditional nanomedicines,micro/nanomotors offer significant advantages due to their autonomous movement capability,which provides a wider range of application possibilities.However,the complex barrier systems within the body,including cellular barriers,tissue barriers,and bacterial biofilm barriers,present significant obstacles.These biological barriers,ranging from the macroscopic to the microscopic level,hinder drugs from reaching their targets and exerting their effects through mechanisms of high selectivity and physical obstruction.Therefore,designing and optimizing micro/nanomotors to effectively traverse these biological barriers is a critical challenge in current research.This paper focuses on advancements in overcoming biological barriers using micro/nanomotors in the past five years,discussing the existing challenges and future research priorities.With continuous optimization by researchers,we believe that micro/nanomotors could pave the way for new therapeutic avenues by overcoming the biological barriers that traditional drugs cannot,thus providing more precise and effective solutions for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：微纳米马达 组织屏障 细胞膜屏障 细菌生物膜 

分 类 号：O648.1[理学—物理化学]