中国式现代化民事解纷体系的建构  

Reconstructing the Civil Dispute Resolution System of Chinese Path to Modernization

作　　者：高翔[1] GAO Xiang(People's Court Enforcement Research Center,Southwest Universify of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 410047,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学人民法院执行研究中心,重庆410047

出　　处：《河北法学》2024年第10期15-36,共22页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金一般项目“民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革的跟踪研究”(20BFX080)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国民事解纷体系在政法传统、诉源治理、一站式多元化解、公共法律服务、民事诉讼教义学语境下存在多重表达,具有政策主导、多主体推动、承担治理功能等制度背景,取得积极成效,但也凸显出各解纷主体形式衔接、角色定位缺失、规则之治不足、当事人主体性欠缺等问题。在中国式现代化要求下,民事解纷体系的构建应致力于为建设高水平社会公平正义提供系统和普惠型民事解纷体系,从不能成为诉讼大国走向司法制度强国。在建构逻辑上,以系统观念定位民事解纷体系的结构功能关系,尊重当事人程序主体地位,推动多边治理下的司法规则中心,在教义学下实现民事司法程序现代化。在具体路径上,构建诉讼与非诉讼解纷分类实施、当事人选择为主与国家引导为辅、民事诉讼程序分层配置、现代科技支撑等机制。Chinese civil dispute resolution system has multiple expressions in the context of political and legal traditions,mitigating litigation at source,mechanism of diversified disputes resolutions,public legal services,and civil litigation doctrine.It has the characteristics of policy-led,multi-party promotion,and assuming governance functions,and has achieved digital justice and other achievements.It has problems such as insufficient connection,the lack of role definition,the lack of governance of rules and subjectivity of the parties.In the context of Chinese path to modernization,the reconstruction of the civil dispute resolution system should be committed to building a high-level social fairness and justice provision system and an inclusive civil dispute resolution system,from being a country with a large number of litigation cases to with a good litigation system.It requires positioning the structure and function of the civil dispute resolution system with a systematic concept,respecting the principal position of the parties in the procedure,centering on judicial rules under multilateral governance,and realizing the modernization of the civil judicial procedure under the doctrine.On the specific path,we should build mechanisms such as the classified implementation of litigation and alternative disputes resolutions,the selection of parties as the main and the guidance of the state as the auxiliary,the hierarchical configuration of civil litigation procedures,and the support of modern science and technology.

关 键 词：中国式现代化 普惠型民事解纷体系 解纷方式选择权 分类分层 司法规则中心主义 

分 类 号：DF8[政治法律—法学]