乙烯利对甘蔗叶鞘离区细胞形态变化及其脱叶性的影响  

Effect of ethephon on the morphological changes of the leaf sheath abscission zone and the defoliation in sugarcane

作　　者：胡鑫 王田田 刘少春[1,3] 郭家文[1,3] 刀静梅[1,3] 高欣欣[1,3] 李如丹[1,3] 刘高源[1,3] HU Xin;WANG Tiantian;LIU Shaochun;GUO Jiawen;DAO Jingmei;GAO Xinxin;LI Rudan;LIU Gaoyuan(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661699 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,昆明656205 [3]云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2024年第10期1579-1587,共9页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960392)。

摘　　要：利用乙烯利处理难脱叶和易脱叶甘蔗(Saccharum spp.hybrids)品种,研究分析了形态学完全展开叶以下第3、5、7叶叶鞘离区细胞形态与脱叶性的变化关系。结果表明:乙烯利处理后,两个甘蔗品种第3、5、7叶位离区组织细胞截面积变大,细胞密度变小,表皮细胞排列变松散,且离区细胞壁空心点和断裂点增加。乙烯利处理后20 d时,甘蔗品种‘GT02-467’第3、5、7叶和‘YZ03-194’第5叶的离区乙烯释放速率均显著高于对照。乙烯利处理后35和60 d,‘GT02-467’的自然脱叶率分别比对照高5.8%和5.3%,‘YZ03-194’的自然脱叶率比对照高9.8%和10.7%。本研究从叶鞘离区细胞形态生理水平上明确了乙烯利对甘蔗脱叶性的促进作用,为进一步深入研究乙烯利调控甘蔗脱叶生理机制提供参考。The shedding-resistant and shedding-prone sugarcane(Saccharum spp.hybrids)varieties were treated with ethephon during maturation.The morphophysiological changes in the third,fifth,and seventh leaf sheath abscission zones and defoliation was studied.The results show that the cell cross-sectional area increased,the cell density reduced,the cell arrangement loosened and the number of hollow or broken spots of the cell wall increased in the third,fifth,and seventh leaf sheath abscission zones of the two sugarcane varieties following ethephon treatment.At 20 d after ethephon application,the ethylene release rates in the third,fifth and seventh sheaths of‘GT02-467’and the fifth sheath of‘YZ03-194’were consistently and significantly higher than the control groups.Furthermore,between 35 and 60 d after ethylene treatment,the defoliation rates of‘GT02-467’and‘YZ03-194’showed an increase of 5.8%and 5.3%,and 9.8%and 10.7%,respectively,over the control.This study clarified the effect of ethephon on sugarcane defoliation at morphophysiological level,which provides a reference for further in-depth research on the physiological mechanism of ethylene regulating sugarcane defoliation.

关 键 词：乙烯利 甘蔗叶鞘离区 细胞形态 脱叶性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]