核桃中间砧木不同砧穗组合枝接高接换种嫁接亲和性初探  

Preliminary Study on Grafting Compatibility of Different Rootstock-scion Combinations of Walnut

作　　者：田小琴 冷天凤 付莉 杨小红 TIAN Xiao-qin;LENG Tian-feng;FU Li;YANG Xiao-hong(Walnut Research Institute of Guizhou,Guiyang 550005,Guizhou China;Engineering Technology Research Center for Walnut of Guizhou Province,GuiYang 550005,Guizhou China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省核桃研究所,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵州省核桃工程研究中心,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《南方园艺》2024年第5期20-25,共6页Southern Horticulture

基　　金：贵州省林业局科研项目(黔林科合[2022]12号)。

摘　　要：以在贵州种植10年以上适应性差的云新、漾濞为砧木与黔林核1号、雪凝红和黔林核5号核桃良种接穗进行高接换种,筛选出核桃不同中间砧木适宜的改良品种。采用枝接方法进行高接换优,并根据嫁接成活率、嫁接口愈合状况、生长情况及生理特性指标综合评价各砧穗组合的亲和性。结果表明:无中间砧木组合的枝接成活率和长势都高于有中间砧木的组合,无中间砧木组合成活率、新枝长度和粗度与有中间砧木组合差异显著;中间砧木为云新时,成活率最高和长势最好的接穗是黔林核1号,成活率为38.24%,新枝长度为124.62 cm,新枝粗度为2.56 mm;中间砧木为漾濞时,成活率最高的接穗是雪凝红为38.34%,长势最好的接穗是黔林核1号,长度为113.11 cm,粗度为2.38 mm;中间砧木为云新时,接穗品种黔林核5号的PPO含量与雪凝红、黔林核1号差异显著,黔林核5号、雪凝红和黔林核1号可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量差异相互显著,可溶性淀粉含量黔林核5号与雪凝红、黔林核1号差异显著;中间砧木为漾濞时,接穗品种雪凝红的PPO和可溶性糖与黔林核1号、黔林核5号差异显著,雪凝红的POD与黔林核1号差异显著,可溶性淀粉在三个接穗品种间差异都显著;无中间砧木组合中,3个接穗品种的可溶性蛋白含量差异显著,PPO含量差异不显著,接穗品种黔林核5号与雪凝红、黔林核1号的POD差异显著,接穗品种雪凝红和黔林核1号的可溶性糖含量和可溶性淀粉含量差异显著。核桃不同中间砧木砧穗组合枝接亲和性强弱依次为:黔林核1号/铁核桃>雪凝红/铁核桃>黔林核1号/漾濞/铁核桃>黔林核5/铁核桃>黔林核5号/漾濞/铁核桃>黔林核1号/云新/铁核桃>雪凝红/漾濞/铁核桃>黔林核5号/云新/铁核桃>雪凝红/云新/铁核桃。Yunxin and Yangbi,which had been planted in Guizhou for more than 10 years and have poor adaptability,were used as rootstocks for high grafting with high-quality walnut varieties such as Qianlinhe 1,Xuening Hong,and Qianlinhe 5.The improved varieties with suitable different interstocks of walnuts were screened out.The branch grafting method was used for high grafting and the compatibility of each rootstocks and scions were comprehensively evaluated according to grafting survival rate,grafting interface healing status,growth status,and physiological characteristics.The results showed that the survival rate and growth of branch grafting of the combination without intertstocks were higher than those with interstocks.There were significant differences in the survival rate,length and diameter of new branches between the combinations without intertstocks and those with interstocks.When the interstock was Yunxin,the scion with the highest survival rate and best growth is Qianlinhe 1 with the survival rate of 38.24%,the new branch length of 124.62 cm,and the new branch diameter of 2.56 mm.When the middle rootstock was Yangbi,the scion with the highest survival rate was Xuening Hong with the survival rate of 38.34%,and the scion with the best growth was Qianlinhe 1 with the length of 113.1 cm and the new branch diameter of 2.38 mm.When the interstock was Yunxin,the PPO content of the scion Qianlinhe 5 was significantly different from that of Xuening Hong and Qianlinhe 1,the soluble sugar and soluble protein content of the three scion varieties were significantly different from each other,and the soluble starch content of Qianlinhe 5 was significantly different from that of Xuening Hong and Qianlinhe 1.When the interstock was Yangbi,there was significant difference in PPO and soluble sugar between the scion variety Xuening Hong and Qianlinhe 1 and Qianlinhe 5,and significant difference in POD between Xuening Hong and Qianlinhe 1.The difference in soluble starch among the three scion varieties was also significant.In the co

关 键 词：核桃 中间砧木 枝接 高接换优 亲和性 

分 类 号：S664[农业科学—果树学]