高校权利诉求与权力结构失衡的实践表征与理论阐释  

Analyzing the Dynamics of University Rights Claims and Power Structure Imbalance in Chinese Higher Education

作　　者：伍宸 WU Chen(College of Teacher Education,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教师教育学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第6期50-60,共11页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“价值驱动学术评价的理论建构与工具开发研究”(BIA230176)。

摘　　要：从学术和行政权力二分法建立起的我国高校内部治理体系的权力结构存在明显的权利诉求和权力结构失衡状态,主要表现为:一是少数权利主体处于权力结构核心位置,其权利诉求能得到充分表达;二是处于权力边缘行使次级权力或不具备行使权力能力的权利主体,其权利诉求得到表达的充分度相较于前者有较大的差距。在全面加快建设高等教育强国新阶段,这种权力结构失衡的状态会导致高等教育发展缓慢,难以满足国家、社会和相关利益主体的期待。但同时也要看到,大学组织在一定时期内所形成的组织结构是其对外部环境适应的结果,我国高校内部权力结构也是对外部环境适应的结果,且是经过了上百年的发展演变形成的结构特征,有其合理性的一面,一定程度上保证了我国高等教育的稳步发展。基于委托代理理论和结构功能主义理论的分析后可以发现:从委托代理理论视角看,我们需进一步优化其代理关系,调整和优化其权力结构以避免既有失衡状态带来的负面效应;从结构功能主义理论视角看,需要进一步强化权力结构的基本功能。总之,在全面推进高等教育治理体系和治理能力现代化的新阶段,我们既要正视现有内部治理体系中权力结构所存在的问题,同样也需要发挥其应有的功能,以更坚定的理论自信和气魄稳步推进我国高校内部治理体系和治理能力现代化进程。The internal governance system of Chinese universities is characterized by a dichotomy between academic and administrative powers,leading to a significant imbalance in rights claims.Within this structure,a small group of rights holders occupies the core,effectively articulating their claims,while peripheral stakeholders face significant barriers to expressing and exercising their rights.As China accelerates its journey towards becoming a global leader in higher education,this imbalance threatens to hinder progress and thus fails to meet the expectations of the state,society,and stakeholders.However,it is crucial to recognize that the existing organizational structure has evolved as a response to external environmental demands over centuries,reflecting a degree of rationality that has historically supported the stability of higher education in China.To address the challenges posed by this imbalance,we must optimize the principal-agent relationships and refine the power structure,drawing from principal-agent theory and structural functionalism.In summary,while acknowledging the shortcomings of the current governance system,we should also leverage its strengths to advance the modernization of Chinese universities’governance capacity with renewed theoretical confidence and visionary boldness.

关 键 词：高校权利诉求 权力结构 权力结构失衡 权力结构的基本功能 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]