黏度法测聚合物分子量实验的一些细节问题  

Some Detailed Issues in the Experiment of Measuring Polymer Molecular Weight by Viscosity Method

作　　者：袁俊杰[1] 袁华[1] YUAN Junjie;YUAN Hua(Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海201804

出　　处：《当代化工》2024年第10期2505-2510,共6页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:52178433)。

摘　　要：黏度法测聚合物分子量是高分子物理中一个经典实验教学内容,也是科学研究中常用的测量分子量方法。针对黏度法测定聚合物分子量过程常遇到的3个细节问题给出相应的经验及建议:用超声波法消除乌氏黏度计测量时聚合物水溶液出现的气泡是一种高效方法;对于同一聚合物来讲,除了温度和溶剂对Κ和α值有决定性影响外,分子量范围也是一个不容忽视的条件,研究者应在确定所测聚合物大致分子量范围之后,首先查阅高分子手册等参考资料来确定合适的测试条件及相应的Κ和α值;通过实验发现,采用乌氏黏度计法测定聚合物分子量,聚合物稀溶液存在一个最佳质量浓度范围,只有在这个范围内测定数据,最后计算得到的分子量才比较准确。Characterization of polymer molecular weight by viscosity method is a classical experimental content in polymer physics and is also a commonly used method for measuring molecular weight in research.Some experience and suggestions on the three details of determining molecular weight in polymers using viscosity method were put forward as follows:the ultrasonic method was an efficient method to eliminate bubbles in polymer aqueous solution systems in Ubbelohde viscosity;for a certain polymer,in addition to temperature and solvent,the molecular weight had also an important role on the value ofΚandα,after determining the polymer and its molecular weight range to be measured,the researcher should firstly refer to reference materials such as the polymer manual to fix the appropriate experiment conditions and correspondingΚandαvalue;the research results indicated that there was an optimal mass concentration range for dilute solution when Ubbelohde Viscometer was used to measure polymer molecular weight.Only when the data were measured within this range,the molecular weight finally calculated was more accurate.

关 键 词：黏度法 分子量 超声波法 Κ和α值 稀溶液质量浓度 

分 类 号：TQ641[化学工程—精细化工]