多维碳材料/聚氨酯复合材料的制备、力学性能及功能性  

Preparation,Mechanical Properties and Functionality for Multidimensional Carbon/Polyurethane Composite Materials

作　　者：李道壮 吴晓静 王凤玲 杜正鹏 蔡荣强 夏贤良 李再峰[1] Daozhuang Li;Xiaojing Wu;Fengling Wang;Zhengpeng Du;Rongqiang Cai;Xianliang Xia;Zaifeng Li(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化学与分子工程学院,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2024年第9期36-41,共6页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：海洋科技协同创新中心项目(22-05-CXZX-04-05-33);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR 2022 ME 216);ZF快速扶持项目(80920010202)。

摘　　要：文中采用异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯对氧化石墨烯(GO)和羟基碳纳米管(OH-MWCNTs)混合碳材料接枝改性,制备出NCO官能团接枝的MWCNTs-g-GO高活性多维碳材料及新型聚氨酯复合材料。研究了MWCNTs-g-GO多维碳材料对力学性能、老化行为和导电性的影响。由X射线衍射分析得出,改性后混合碳材料中GO的层间距由0.87 nm扩大到1.71 nm,碳纳米管缠结程度明显降低,有效提升了碳纳米材料的分散性;随着多维MWCNTs-g-GO含量的增加,对聚氨酯进行了力学性能测试,其硬度、定伸强度逐渐增加,断裂伸长率单调降低,拉伸强度则先增大后减小;当其含量为0.05%时,拉伸强度较空白样提高23%,增大到48.7 MPa;老化150℃×5 d后,衰减率约为26.3%;当含量为0.20%时,电导率约为6.12×10^(-4) S/cm,是空白样的76倍。多维碳纳米材料较单一碳材料对聚氨酯表现出优异的增强、抗热氧和导电等作用。MWCNTs g-GO highly active multidimensional carbon materials grafted with graphene oxide(NCO)functional groups were prepared by graft modification of mixture for graphene oxide and hydroxyl carbon nanotubes hybrid carbon materials(OH-MWCNTs)with isophorone diisocyanate,and then the novel polyurethane composites were prepared.Effect of MWCNTs g-GO highly active multidimensional carbon materials on the mechanical properties,aging behavior and electrical conductivity were investigated,respectively.By XRD,the interlayer spacing of GO in the modified hybrid carbon material is enlarged from 0.87 nm to 1.71 nm,and the degree of carbon nanotube entanglement is significantly reduced,which effectively enhances the dispersibility of the carbon nanomaterials;with the increase of the content of multidimensional MWCNTs-g-GO,the mechanical properties of polyurethane were tested,and the hardness and fixed-extension strength are gradually increased,and the elongation at break is monotonically decreased and tensile strength is firstly increases and then decreases.When the content is 0.05%,the tensile strength is increased by 23%compared with that of the blank sample,and increased to 48.7 MPa;the decay rate after aging at 150℃×5 d is about 26.3%;and when the content is 0.20%,the electrical conductivity is about 6.12×10^(-4) S/cm,which is 76 times higher than that of the blank sample.Compared with single carbon materials such as GO or CNTs,multi-dimensional carbon nanomaterials exhibit more excellent reinforcement,thermal oxidation resistance,and conductivity effect on polyurethane.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 羟基碳纳米管 二异氰酸酯改性 聚氨酯复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]