全球价值链嵌入与外需隐含国内就业——兼论产业数字化的影响  

Global Value Chains and Domestic Employment Embodied in Foreign Demand—Concurrently Discuss the Impact of Industrial Digitization

作　　者：赵玉焕[1] 郑璐 祝靖之 张芊芊 ZHAO Yuhuan;ZHENG Lu;ZHU Jingzhi;ZHANG Qianqian(School of Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Xinya College,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China Mobile Online Services Company,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学经济学院,北京100081 [2]清华大学新雅书院,北京100084 [3]中移在线服务有限公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期172-184,共13页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金一般项目(17JDYJB010)。

摘　　要：外需是拉动就业的重要引擎。从全球价值链角度探究如何有效提高外需隐含国内就业,是促进就业增长的重要议题。基于2005—2014年中国行业数据,考察全球价值链嵌入对外需隐含国内就业的影响及作用机制,并分析产业数字化的调节作用。研究发现:全球价值链位置的提升促进了外需隐含国内就业增加。全球价值链嵌入的就业促进作用主要体现在服务业、中低技术行业;相较于后向参与度,前向参与度的提升对外需隐含国内就业的促进作用更明显。影响机制分析显示,全球价值链嵌入可以通过外需规模扩张和劳动生产率提升促进外需隐含国内就业增加。调节效应分析表明:产业数字化正向调节全球价值链嵌入对外需隐含国内就业的促进作用,相较于数字化制造,数字化服务的正向调节效应更明显。Foreign demand is an important engine of employment.Exploring how to effectively improve domestic employment embodied in foreign demand from the perspective of global value chains(GVC)is an important issue to promote employment growth in China.Based on the data of industries of China from 2005 to 2014,this paper empirically studies the impact of GVC position on the domestic employment embodied in China’s foreign demand and explores the moderating role of industrial digitization.The results show that the increase of GVC position could significantly improve the domestic employment embodied in foreign demand.The employment creation effect brought by the increase of GVC position is mainly reflected in service industries and low-and medium-tech industries.The increase of forward participation could improve the domestic employment embodied in foreign demand,while the increase of backward participation does not have a significant effect.The influence mechanism analyses show that increase of GVC position could effectively improve the domestic employment embodied in foreign demand through expansion effect of foreign demand and the improvement effect of labor productivity.The moderating effect shows that industrial digitization positively moderates the employment creation effect brought by the increase of GVC position,and the positively moderation effect of digital services is more obvious compared with digital manufacturing.

关 键 词：全球价值链嵌入 外需隐含国内就业 国外最终需求 劳动生产率 产业数字化 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济] F740.6[经济管理—国民经济]