风云气象卫星光学遥感器场地辐射定标技术发展综述(特邀)  

Review on Development of Site Radiometric Calibration Technology for Optical Remote Sensors of Fengyun Meteorological Satellites (Invited)

作　　者：郑小兵 李新 胡秀清[2] 韦玮 孙凌[2] 黄冬 徐娜[2] 郭傅翔 张权 刘恩超 Zheng Xiaobing;Li Xin;Hu Xiuqing;Wei Wei;Sun Ling;Huang Dong;Xu Na;Guo Fuxiang;Zhang Quan;Liu Enchao(Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;National Satellite Meteorology Center,Beijing 100081,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [3]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第18期56-80,共25页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3905300,2023YFB3905305);中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院院长基金(YZJJ202208-CX);国家自然科学基金(42105139);风云三号02批地面应用系统工程大型试验系统辐射定标和真实性检验外场试验项目(FY3(02P)-SY-1802)。

摘　　要：简述了风云卫星光学遥感器场地辐射定标技术的发展历程,侧重介绍了近10年来自动化定标仪器、定标数据源开发等技术的研究进展和应用效果。随着国产自动化定标仪器逐步替代人工测量,场地定标的精度长期稳定性和业务化运行能力显著提升。气象卫星的定标频次由约1次/年增大至大于1次/周。全球定标场网提供的不断增加的数据源具备每天甚至数小时完成有效定标的潜力,为准确掌握遥感器在轨的实时变化、高时效校正衰变和校验数据产品提供了技术依托。此外,展望了高海拔定标场、夜间定标场、大数据和机器学习定标技术以及空基辐射基准等新技术的应用前景。Significance Radiometric calibration plays a key role in quantifying the responsivity of remote sensors,correcting on-orbit response decay,and verifying the accuracy of data products for Fengyun meteorological satellites.An independent and complete technical system of calibration consists of laboratory calibration before the launch,on-board calibration,and site calibration during on-orbit operation.Pre-launch laboratory calibration coefficients are generally not suitable for operational data processing due to sensor on-orbit degradation.On-board calibration and site calibration are the main data quantification methods during on-orbit operation.On-board calibration requires the co-design of software and hardware of calibrators and remote sensors,which requires the support of valuable on-board resources,and the technical iteration is relatively cautious.Before solving the problem of space radiation benchmarks traceable to the international unit(SI),the performance decay of the on-board calibrator mainly limits the accuracy and stability.Site vicarious calibration realizes system-level calibration under the on-orbit operation of remote sensors.Meanwhile,its technical upgrade does not affect the operation of the remote sensors,and the calibration facilities can obtain the calibration support of the metrology laboratory.Site calibration has maintained technical evolution for more than 20 years and provides the most reliable calibration results at present.The site calibration implementation significantly depends on the measurement ability of spectral radiation characteristics of the atmosphere,surfaces,and surrounding environment.Additionally,the performance of site calibration instruments directly affects the application effect of site calibration.Before 2015,site calibration was implemented by manually performing instruments in field measurements.To obtain at least three rounds of qualified data in suitable weather and satellite overview conditions,site calibration generally needs to last for 10-30 days.Generally,man

关 键 词：风云气象卫星 场地辐射定标 自动化定标仪器 全球定标场网 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]