转速对水泵水轮机泵工况压力脉动影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Rotational Speed on Pressure Pulsation in Pumping Conditions of Pump-Turbines

作　　者：王志远 孙永鑫[2,3] 周聪 王润鹏 王雷 韩毅[3] 王冠峰 WANG Zhiyuan;SUN Yongxin;ZHOU Cong;WANG Runpeng;WANG Lei;HAN Yi;WANG Guanfeng(Hebei Fengning Pumped Storage Co.,Ltd.,Chengde 068300,China;Harbin Electric Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150040,China;Harbin Institute of Large Electrical Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]河北丰宁抽水蓄能有限公司,河北承德068300 [2]哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司,哈尔滨150040 [3]哈尔滨大电机研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《大电机技术》2024年第5期88-95,104,共9页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国网新源集团有限公司科技项目“河北丰宁抽水蓄能电站机组智能运检故障诊断系统研究与应用技术开发服务”(SGXYFN00JDJS1800148)。

摘　　要：可变速水泵水轮机作为抽水蓄能机组的核心元件,能够实现电能与水能的高效转换和灵活调节,但其内部流态演变较为复杂,压力脉动作为被影响因素之一,关乎水泵水轮机的安全稳定运行,至今,转速与水泵水轮机泵工况压力脉动特性关联情况的研究仍不清晰。因此,为探究转速对水泵水轮机泵工况压力脉动的影响,本文采用试验测量的方法,以某抽水蓄能水电站机组为模型,在导叶开度为19mm时,选取600r/min、800r/min、1000r/min三个转速的不同流量工况点进行研究,利用模型试验提取监测点压力脉动信号,之后通过时频分析揭示转速对水泵水轮机泵工况压力脉动的影响。研究结果表明:在变速调节过程中,压力脉动主要受动静干涉及水力激振的影响。在19mm开度下,随着转速的增加,压力脉动的最大幅值逐渐升高,其中导叶与转轮之间以及活动导叶之间的变化最为显著,但其压力脉动最大幅值频率则随着转速的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势变化。本研究结果为理解转速对压力脉动的影响机制,提高设备运行稳定性提供了指导。Variable-speed pump-turbine as the core component of pumped storage hydropower units achieves efficient conversion and flexible regulation of electrical and hydraulic energy.However,its internal flow dynamics are complex,with pressure pulsations being a critical factor affecting the safe and stable operation of pump-turbines.To investigate the influence of rotational speed on pressure pulsations during pump-turbine operation,this study employed experimental measurements using a model of a pumped storage hydropower unit.Specifically,at a guide vane opening of 19mm,different operational points with flow rates were studied at rotational speeds of 600r/min,800r/min,and 1000r/min.Pressure pulsation signals were monitored at selected measurement points during model tests,and subsequently,time-frequency analysis was conducted to reveal the effect of rotational speed on pump-turbine pressure pulsations.The results indicate that during variable-speed regulation,pressure pulsations are primarily influenced by dynamic-static interference and hydraulic instabilities.At the 19mm guide vane opening,increasing rotational speed led to a gradual rise in the maximum amplitude of pressure pulsations,with the most significant changes observed between the guide vanes and runner,as well as among the movable guide vanes.However,the frequency of maximum amplitude pressure pulsations initially decreased and then increased with increasing rotational speed.These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which rotational speed affects pressure pulsations and provide guidance for enhancing equipment operational stability.

关 键 词：水泵水轮机 泵工况 试验测量 压力脉动 不同转速 

分 类 号：TK734[交通运输工程—轮机工程]