渗透结晶型防水材料活性母料制备与优化试验  

Preparation and Performance of Active Masterbatch for Cementitious Capillary Crystalline Waterproofing

作　　者：程文通 秦拥军[1] 李东锦 CHENG Wen-tong;QIN Yong-jun;LI Dong-jin(School of Architecture and Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学建筑工程学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第29期12684-12690,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2022B03036-1)。

摘　　要：水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料(cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing,CCCW)主要通过活性化学物质的渗透结晶反应产生作用。为深入研究CCCW活性材料的制备与应用性能,选用羟基乙叉二膦酸(hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid,HEDP)络合剂、硅酸钠沉淀剂、氢氧化钙以及纳米二氧化硅(nano-silica,NS)组成活性母料,采用四因素四水平的正交试验设计,通过显著性分析确定对混凝土抗压强度、耐水性和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的主要影响因素,并由综合功效系数结合抗硫酸盐侵蚀系数研究了活性母料的最优组分配比,同时采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)分析其微观作用机理。结果表明,硅酸钠能影响水泥水化进程且过量使用会使得内部结构松散,对混凝土抗压强度影响最显著;HEDP、硅酸钠、氢氧化钙以及NS的最佳掺量分别为水泥质量的0.15%、1%、1%、3%;活性母料能有效改变钙矾石形貌,使得结构密实度增加。研究结果可为CCCW的改进与应用提供重要技术参考。Cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing(CCCW) effectively improves the durability of concrete structures by generating penetration crystallization through active substances.In order to deeply study the preparation and application performance of active materials of CCCW,hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid(HEDP) complexing agent,sodium silicate precipitant,calcium hydroxide and nano-silica(NS) were selected to form the active masterbatch,and the four-factor,four-level orthogonal experimental design was used to determine the main factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete,the quality of water resistance and the resistance to sulphate erosion through the significance analysis,and the optimal group distribution ratio was determined by the comprehensive efficacy coefficient combined with the coefficient of resistance to sulphate erosion.The main influencing factors on the compressive strength,water resistance and sulfate erosion resistance of concrete were determined by significance test,and the optimal group ratio of active masterbatch was investigated by the comprehensive efficacy coefficient combined with the sulfate erosion resistance coefficient,and the microscopic mechanism was analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction(XRD) at the same time.The results show that sodium silicate affects the hydration process of cement and the excess will make the internal structure loose,and has the most significant effect on the compressive strength of concrete.The optimal dosages of HEDP,sodium silicate,calcium hydroxide and NS are 0.15%,1%,1% and 3% of the mass of cement,respectively.The active masterbatch can effectively change the morphology of caliche,so that the structural compactness is increased.The study can provide important technical references for the improvement and application of CCCW.

关 键 词：水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料 混凝土 外加剂 活性物质 耐久性能 功效系数法 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]