创业环境对乡村民营企业创业绩效的影响研究——基于乡村振兴“千村调研”数据  

The influence of entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance of rural private enterprises:Data based on the“thousand-village survey”of rural revitalization

作　　者：蒋辉[1] 陈瑶 童子萍 俞骞 JIANG Hui;CHEN Yao;TONG Ziping;YU Qian(School of Business,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学商学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《创新与创业教育》2024年第5期10-19,共10页Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

基　　金：湖南省社科规划项目“湖南特色农业赋能增收长效机制研究”(23YBA153);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会重点项目“加快湖南产业数字化数字产业化发展的对策研究”(XSP22ZDI013)。

摘　　要：乡村民营企业是助推乡村振兴的重要力量。创业环境作为创业活动开展的外部条件,对企业发展有着至关重要的影响。采用问卷调查方法,收集763份来自典型乡村民营企业的有效问卷,构建结构方程模型探究乡村创业环境(创业政策环境、创业文化环境和创业服务环境)通过机会能力(机会搜寻能力、机会识别能力和机会评价能力)作用于创业绩效的中介机制。研究表明:乡村创业环境的内部维度均正向影响创业绩效,其中创业政策环境的影响作用更为突出;创业环境正向影响机会能力,其中创业文化环境的影响作用更为突出;机会能力正向影响创业绩效,其中机会评价能力的影响作用更为突出;机会能力在创业环境对创业绩效的影响中发挥部分中介作用。据此提出完善乡村创业政策、健全乡村创业服务体系、营造良好创业文化氛围等政策建议,以期为乡村民营企业高质量发展提供参考。Rural private enterprises are an important force to promote rural revitalization.As an external condition for entrepreneurial activities,entrepreneurial environment has a crucial impact on the development of enterprises.The questionnaire survey method is used to collect 763 valid questionnaires from typical rural private enterprises.Subsequently,a structural equation model is constructed to assess the impact of entrepreneurial environment(entrepreneurial policy environment,entrepreneurial culture environment and entrepreneurial service environment)on entrepreneurial performance.Additionally,a mediation model is proposed to explore the mediating effect of opportunity ability(opportunity search capability,opportunity recognition capability and opportunity evaluation capability).The results show that:all internal dimensions of rural entrepreneurial environment have a positive impact on entrepreneurial performance,and the impact of entrepreneurial policy environment is more significant;rural entrepreneurial environment has a positive impact on opportunity ability,and the impact of entrepreneurial culture environment is more significant;opportunity ability has a positive impact on entrepreneurial performance,and the impact of opportunity evaluation capability is more significant;opportunity ability plays a partial mediating role in the influence of rural entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial performance.Accordingly,policy recommendations are put forward to improve the rural entrepreneurship policy,refine the rural entrepreneurship service system,and foster a conducive entrepreneurial culture atmosphere,in order to provide reference for the high-quality development of rural private enterprises.

关 键 词：乡村民营企业 创业环境 机会能力 创业绩效 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]