日本侵华时期实施“当地适应主义”教育的剖析——以其子弟小学教科书《满洲补充读本》为佐证  

An Analysis of the Implementation of"Localization of Acculturation"Education in Japanese Children Primary Schools During the Japanese Aggression Against China:Taking the Textbook Manshu-hojyutokuhon as Evidence

作　　者：金香兰 徐雄彬[2] Jin Xianglan;Xu Xiongbin(Jilin International Studies University;Northeast Normal University)

机构地区：[1]吉林外国语大学东方语学院 [2]东北师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2024年第5期91-100,共10页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“基于口述史料的伪满洲国与殖民地朝鲜日语教育比较研究”(项目批准号:22YJA740031)的阶段研究成果。项目负责人:徐雄彬;2022年度吉林省社会科学基金一般自选项目“伪满洲国与殖民地朝鲜的小学日语教育资料收集与批判研究”(项目编号:2022B219)的阶段研究成果。项目负责人:徐雄彬。

摘　　要：近代日本对中国东北垂涎已久,因此在日俄战争后便开始在中国东北扩大势力范围。日本以培养殖民主义者的预备“人才”为目标,对在“满”日本人子弟进行“当地适应主义”教育,以此来达到占领东北的目的。直至日本战败投降,“当地适应主义”教育的发展历程可大致划分为四个历史阶段。以在“满”日本人子弟小学“当地适应主义”教育的主要教科书——《满洲补充读本》为例来看,不同历史时期的教材内容都有所变化,这种变化折射出“当地适应主义”与“皇国主义”之间存在的“一增一减”的矛盾性以及侵略性质上的统一性。日本以教育为军事的辅助手段,利用在“满”日本人对华进行侵略,这段历史给中国人民带来了深重的灾难。在整个日本社会右倾化趋势日益严重的今天,日本人民应正确认识和反省这段历史,与中韩等东亚国家的人民携手,谨防军国主义思想在日本复活,维护东亚乃至世界的和平。Modern Japan had coveted northeast China for a long time,so it began to expand its sphere of influence in northeast China after the Russo-Japanese War.With the goal of cultivating preparatory personnel for colonialists,Japan taught"localization of acculturation"to the Japanese children in the"Manchuria",so as to achieve the purpose of occupying northeast China.Until Japan's defeat and surrender,the development process of"localization of acculturation"education could be roughly divided into four historical stages.Taking Manshu-hojyutokuhon,a supplementary textbook for Japanese children in primary schools as an example,this paper analyzed changes in different historical periods of teaching material content,these changes reflect the existence of the"localization of acculturation"education and"Japanese imperialism"between"a minus"contradiction and the unity of the nature of aggression.Japan took education as an auxiliary military means and used the Japanese in this"Manchuria"to invade China.This period of history brought profound disasters to the Chinese people.Today,as the right-leaning trend of Japanese society becomes increasingly serious,the Japanese people should correctly understand and reflect on this period of history,join hands with the people of China,South Korea and other East Asian countries to guard against the revival of militarism in Japan and maintain peace in East Asia and even the world.

关 键 词：日本人子弟小学 满洲补充读本 当地适应主义 皇国主义 

分 类 号：K265.6[历史地理—历史学] G629.29[历史地理—中国史]