琼英山古茶园土壤细菌群落多样性及组成研究  

Study on Soil Bacterial Community Diversity and Composition in Qiongying Mountain Ancient Tea Plantation

作　　者：闫钘 杨雄伟 崔仕方 黄晓霞[1] YAN Xing;YANG Xiong-Wei;CUI Shi-Fang;HUANG Xiao-Xia(College of Landscape Architecture/Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院/国家林业与草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第11期2614-2626,共13页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：云南省高层次人才“青年拔尖人才”项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-222)。

摘　　要：云南省凤庆县琼英山古茶园作为珍稀的自然遗产,具有重要的生态、文化和经济价值,其可持续发展离不开健康的土壤微生态环境。为探究琼英山古茶园土壤细菌群落结构特征,本研究以琼英山古茶园根际和非根际土壤为研究对象,基于16S rRNA基因扩增子测序技术分析土壤细菌群落多样性与结构特征及与土壤化学性质的关系。结果显示:(1)Alpha多样性分析表明,山谷根际或非根际土壤细菌群落丰度显著大于山顶根际或非根际土壤;山顶或山谷根际土壤和非根际土壤之间,细菌群落丰度和多样性差异不显著。(2)细菌优势门均为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)(21.15%~26.76%)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(15.06%~20.79%),优势属一致为念珠菌固体杆菌属(Candidatus_Solibacter)(2.6%~3.6%)、酸杆菌属(Acidibacter)(2.6%~3.4%)和苔藓杆菌属(Bryobacter)(2.2%~2.6%)。(3)Beta多样性分析表明,细菌群落的组成和结构相似,但具有一定的差异性。(4)冗余分析(redundancy analysis,RDA)表明,土壤有机质是影响根际土壤细菌群落组成和结构的主要环境因子。综上,本研究初步探讨了琼英山茶园山顶和山谷古茶树根际与非根际土壤细菌群落结构特征,可为茶园古茶树的保护和利用提供参考依据。As a rare natural heritage site,the ancient tea plantation of Qiongying mountain holds significant ecological,cultural,and economic value.Its sustainable development is inseparable from a healthy soil microecological environment.To investigate the structural characteristics of soil bacterial communities in the ancient tea plantation of Qiongying mountain,Fengqing county,Yunnan province,this study focused on the rhizosphere and bulk soils of the ancient tea plantation on Qiongying Mountain.Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology,the diversity and structural characteristics of the soil bacterial communities and their relationship with soil chemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Alpha diversity analysis indicated the bacterial community abundances in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of the valley were significantly higher than that in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of the mountaintop;there were no significant differences in the abundance or diversity of bacterial communities between rhizosphere and bulk soils at the mountaintop and valley.(2)The dominant phyla were Acidobacteriota(21.15%~26.76%)and Proteobacteria(15.06%~20.79%),and the dominant genera were Candidatus_Solibacter(2.6%~3.6%),Acidibacter(2.6%~3.4%)and Bryobacter(2.2%~2.6%).(3)Beta diversity analysis showed that the composition and structure of bacterial communities were similar but had certain differences.(4)Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that soil organic matter was the main environmental factor affecting the composition and structure of bacterial community in rhizosphere soil.In conclusion,this study preliminarily explored the characteristics of the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of ancient tea trees at the mountaintop and valley of the Qiongying Mountain tea plantation.These findings can provide a reference basis for the protection and utilization of ancient tea trees in tea plantations.

关 键 词：古茶园 山顶土壤 山谷土壤 土壤细菌 根际与非根际 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S154.381[农业科学—土壤学]