密旋链霉菌Act12对柑橘采后酸腐病及果实品质的影响  

Effect of Streptomyces pactum Act12 on Postharvest Sour Rot of Citrus(Citrus reticulata)and Fruit Quality

作　　者：戚华铃 陈盈营 周艳 刘锴栋 张鸿雁 QI Hua-Ling;CHEN Ying-Ying;ZHOU Yan;LIU Kai-Dong;ZHANG Hong-Yan(Life Science and Technology School,Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院生命科学与技术学院,湛江524048

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第11期2640-2648,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：广东省重点建设学科科研能力提升项目(2022ZDJS080);海南省果蔬贮藏与加工重点实验室开放课题(HNGS202104;HNGS202302);2022年度岭南师范学院创新团队项目(LT2201);岭南师范学院雷阳学者岗位计划项目(2022);岭南师范学院人才专项(ZL2035)。

摘　　要：柑橘酸腐病是柑橘(Citrus reticulata)采后常见的病害之一,导致柑橘腐烂酸臭,严重影响柑橘采后贮藏效果。微生物防治柑橘酸腐病具有绿色、环保、无抗药性等优势,是农业健康发展的方向。本研究通过平板对峙培养法和生长速率法分析密旋链霉菌(Streptomyces pactum)Act12对酸腐病病原菌白地霉(Geotrichum candidum)的抑制作用,采用针刺接种法评价防治效果,进一步测定Act12发酵滤液对柑橘抗性酶、抗性物质及果实品质的影响。结果显示,Act12对白地霉的抑菌率为76.04%,20%浓度的发酵滤液对白地霉的抑菌率达到97.17%;Act12对8种水果病原菌都有抑菌活性;在常温贮藏条件下,Act12滤液显著降低柑橘酸腐病的病情指数(P<0.05),防效达到88.20%;20%浓度的发酵滤液处理后果实抗性酶—多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL)、几丁质酶(chitinase,CHI)和葡聚糖酶(glucanase,GLU)活性及抗性物质果皮总酚和类黄酮含量皆显著增加(P<0.05),可溶性固形物和还原糖含量显著增加(P<0.05),可滴定酸显著下降(P<0.05),果实品质有所提高。本研究为柑橘果实采后酸腐病生物防治提供理论参考和新的资源。Citrus sour rot is the common citrus(Citrus reticulata)postharvest disease which can cause fruit rot and acidity,seriously affect the storage effect.Microbial control of citrus acid rot has the advantages of being green,environmentally friendly,and no drug resistant,and is the direction for the healthy development of agri‐culture.In this study,the effect of Streptomyces pactum Act12 against the sour rot pathogen Geotrichum candi⁃dum was evaluated by plate confrontation culture method and growth rate method,the control effect was veri‐fied by acupuncture inoculation method,and the effects of filtrate on citrus resistant enzymes,resistant sub‐stances,and fruit quality were determined.The results showed that the inhibition rate of Act12 against Geotri⁃chum candidum was 76.04%,and the inhibition rate of 20%fermentation filtrate against Geotrichum candidum reached 97.17%.Act12 had antibacterial activity against 8 types of pathogens derived from fruit.The filtrate significantly decreased the disease index of citrus sour rot(P<0.05),showing control effect of 88.20%.After treatment with 20%fermentation filtrate,the activities of fruit resistance enzymes-polyphenol oxidase(PPO),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),chitinase(CHI),and glucanase(GLU),as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the fruit peel were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the content of soluble solids and reducing sugars was significantly increased(P<0.05).The titratable acidity was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the fruit quality was improved.This study provides theoretical reference and new resources for the biological control of postharvest sour rot in citrus fruits.

关 键 词：柑橘酸腐病 密旋链霉菌 拮抗防病 果实品质 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]