走向都市认同的空间实践——亚历山大城市设计理论的价值、局限与启示  

Spatial Practices Towards Urban Identity:The Value,Limitations and Contemporary Inspirations of Christopher Alexander's Urban Design Theory

作　　者：赵博韬 江泓[2,3,4] ZHAO Botao;JIANG Hong

机构地区：[1]耶鲁大学环境学院 [2]东南大学建筑学院 [3]东南大学城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室 [4]中国城市规划学会城市规划历史与理论分会

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2024年第5期120-127,共8页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078116)。

摘　　要：克里斯托弗·亚历山大的城市设计理念挑战了20世纪上半叶主流的技术理性主导的现代规划理论。笔者基于亚氏设计思想的综合著作《城市设计新理论》,同时结合其他主要著作,探讨了亚历山大城市设计理论的发展脉络;并在20世纪中后期建筑学和城市规划领域后现代转向的历史语境中,分析了亚氏空间文脉理论的开创性和独特性。尽管对设计能动性的强调过高,但亚历山大系统化地探索了良好空间中存在的“客观性”,认为城市空间不仅仅是物质实体,还应该成为连接环境与情感的纽带,这与地理学、环境心理学的人文主义转向密切相关,具有显著的当代价值。在此基础上,笔者从都市认同的角度分层次解析亚氏城市设计理论的当代意义和启示,并从设计方法、城市发展、学科本体三个方面提出了改良策略。Christopher Alexander's urban design theory challenges the technical rationality of the empiricism that prevails in the first half of the 20th century.Alexander emphasizes the wholeness of the city through progressive design,conceptual-based participation,shaping of centrality and other principles.Based on Christopher Alexander's comprehensive book “A New Theory of Urban Design” and by combining with other major works,this paper puts Alexander into the history of the post-modern shift of architecture and urban planning in the middle and late 20th century,and analyzes the uniqueness of Alexander's systematization of spatial context.Despite the overemphasis on initiative of design,Alexander attempted to discover the “objectivity” of good space by systematically exploring the relationship between human and the urban environment,which is closely related to the humanist shift in geography and environmental psychology,and has immense contemporary value.This paper further combines the theoretical context and theorizes the contemporary significance of Alexander's urban design theory from the perspective of urban identity,including the identity of physical setting,identity of process,and identity of meaning.Finally,suggestions for professionals,urban development,and subject ontology are put forward.

关 键 词：克里斯托弗·亚历山大 《城市设计新理论》 都市认同 模式语言 城市设计 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]