平台就业的分类与特征:来自互联网招聘大数据的证据  

Classifications and Characteristics of Platform Employment:Evidence from Online Recruitment Big Data

作　　者：冯帅章 万倩 Feng Shuaizhang;Wan Qian(Institute for Economic and Social Research,Jinan University)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学经济与社会研究院

出　　处：《劳动经济研究》2024年第5期13-34,共22页Studies in Labor Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(批准号:22AZD079)的资助。

摘　　要：平台就业已经成为劳动力市场的重要组成部分,但国内外对其内涵和类别特征尚未形成共识。明确界定和分类平台就业对后续研究至关重要。本文将平台就业分为基于位置和基于云端的平台就业两类,并利用大型互联网招聘平台的百万份招聘岗位数据深入分析了两类平台就业岗位的特征。研究发现,这两类平台就业在岗位要求和薪酬福利方面存在显著差异。与非平台就业岗位相比,基于位置的平台就业岗位在教育和工作经验方面的进入门槛相对较低,而基于云端的平台就业岗位的进入门槛相对较高。同时,在非认知能力的要求方面,基于位置的平台就业岗位对尽责性的要求更高,而基于云端的平台就业岗位对开放性和外倾性的要求更高。在薪酬福利方面,平台就业岗位给求职者提供相对传统就业岗位更高的工资,基于位置的平台就业岗位具有更高的“平台溢价”,但提供社保的可能性更低。Platform employment has become an essential part of the labor market,but there is still no consensus on its definition and category characteristics domestically and internationally.Clearly defining and classifying platform employment is crucial for future research.This paper divides platform employment into two categories:location-based and cloud-based.It uses data from millions of job postings on a major internet recruitment platform to analyze in depth the characteristics of these two types of platform employment positions.The study finds significant differences in job requirements and benefits between these two types of platform employment.Compared to non-platform jobs,location-based platform jobs have lower entry barriers in terms of education and work experience,while cloud-based platform jobs have higher entry barriers.Regarding non-cognitive skills,location-based platform jobs demand more conscientiousness,whereas cloud-based plaform jobs demand more openness and extraversion.Regarding compensation,plaform jobs offer higher wages than traditional jobs,but location-based platform jobs have higher“platform premiums”and are less likely to provide social security.

关 键 词：基于位置的平台就业 基于云端的平台就业 进入门槛 薪资福利 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F249.2