施用钾肥对筇竹幼苗生长及叶片生理特性的影响  

Effect of Potash Application on Growth and Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda Seedlings

作　　者：付廷轩 董文渊[2] 孙建业 黎卫东 段继霞 钟欢 浦婵 李鑫 Fu Tingxuan;Dong Wenyuan;Sun Jianye;Li Weidong;Duan Jixia;Zhong Huan;Pu Chan;Li Xin(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Institute of Qiong Bamboo,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Daguan Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Daguan 657400,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学筇竹研究院,昆明650224 [3]大关县林业和草原局,云南大关657400

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2024年第5期64-69,共6页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：云南省省级林业科技推广项目(2023ts02);云南省董文渊专家基层科研工作站项目。

摘　　要：为探讨施用钾肥对筇竹幼苗生长及其叶片生理特性的影响,以1年生筇竹实生苗为对象,设置4个不同钾肥施用量水平(75、150、225和300 kg/hm^(2)),以不施肥为对照(CK),测定苗木的生长指标。结果表明:(1)随钾肥施用量的增加,筇竹幼苗的苗高和地径均呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势;当钾肥施用量为150 kg/hm^(2)时幼苗生长表现最好,苗高和地径分别较CK增加12.4%和10.3%。(2)当钾肥施用量为150 kg/hm^(2)时,叶片叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量均显著高于CK,分别较CK增加23.4%和26.2%、11.8%;当钾肥施用量为75和225 kg/hm^(2)时,叶片叶绿素各指标含量虽较CK有所增加,但差异不显著;当钾肥施用量为300 kg/hm^(2)时,叶片叶绿素各指标含量则较CK有所降低。(3)当钾肥施用量为225 kg/hm^(2)时,叶片可溶性糖含量最高,较CK增加43.6%;淀粉含量随着钾肥施用量的增加而持续增加;当钾肥施用量为150 kg/hm^(2)时,叶片可溶性蛋白含量最高,较CK增加6.2%。综合筇竹幼苗各生长指标的表现,150 kg/hm^(2)为筇竹幼苗的最佳钾肥施用量,施用量过多(225 kg/hm^(2)或300 kg/hm^(2))会对植株生长产生不利影响。To investigate the effects of potash application on the growth and leaf physiological characteristics of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda seedlings,one-year-old seedlings are used to test the seedling growth indicators by setting the four different application levels of potassium fertilizer(75,150,225,and 300 kg/ha)and no fertilization as the control(CK).The results show that:(1)As potassium application increases,the height and ground diameter of Q.tumidinoda seedlings initially increases and then decreases.The best growth is observed at 150 kg/ha,with plant height and ground diameter increasing by 12.4%and 10.3%,respectively,compared to CK;(2)When the potash application is at 150 kg/ha,chlorophyll a and b and carotenoid contents are significantly higher than CK by 23.4%,26.2%,and 11.8%,respectively.At 75 and 225 kg/ha,chlorophyll content increases slightly but not significantly;at 300 kg/ha,it decreases compared to CK;and (3)The soluble sugar content is the highest when the potash application is at 225 kg/ha,increasing by 43.6%compared to CK,and the starch content increases with higher potassium application levels.The soluble protein content is the highest at 150 kg/ha,increasing by 6.2%compared to CK.Overall,150 kg/ha is the optimal potassium application for Q.tumidinoda seedling,while higher application levels(225 or 300 kg/ha)have negative effects on seedling growth.

关 键 词：筇竹 钾肥施用量 幼苗生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]