仿香蒲结构的侧向抗冲击性能研究  

Crashworthiness research of Typha-inspired structure under lateral impact

作　　者：尹汉锋 张贺[1,2,3] 张琦 张冉[1,2,3] 文桂林 YIN Hanfeng;ZHANG He;ZHANG Qi;ZHANG Ran;WEN Guilin(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Simulation Techniques for Special Equipment,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学特种装备先进技术与仿真教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [3]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第10期3720-3730,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金杰出青年基金资助项目(2021JJ10009);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11972153)。

摘　　要：自然界中的香蒲茎秆能较好地抵御外部和自身荷载性能,其微观结构由大量直径不相同的细胞孔构成,基于其特点提出横截面的多尺度模型,并设计一种具有良好侧向抗冲击性能的仿香蒲结构。使用有限元方法研究仿香蒲结构的侧向抗冲击性能,对其相关参数进行分析,建立同质量的仿竹子、仿双节竹、仿仙人掌、仿马尾草、仿蜘蛛网和仿螳螂虾共6种仿生模型,并与仿香蒲结构模型进行对比。研究结果表明:横向胞壁间距、胞孔壁厚度、表皮厚度、胞孔直径这4个参数对仿香蒲结构的性能有显著影响,在较小的横向胞壁间距、中等的胞孔壁厚度、较大的表皮厚度以及由外到内先变大后变小的胞孔直径下能得到较高的比吸能;新型仿香蒲结构的比吸能和冲击力均明显比其他仿生结构的高,说明仿香蒲结构具有较强的吸能能力和较高的吸能效率。Cattail stems in nature have better resistance to external and self-loading.The microstructure of the Typha is composed of a large number of cells with various diameters.Based on its characteristics,multiscale models of cross section were proposed.A new Typha-inspired structure with excellent lateral impact resistance was designed.The lateral impact resistance of the Typha-inspired structure was investigated by the finite element method,and the parametric analysis was carried out.Finally,six other bionic structures with the same mass,i.e.,bamboo,binodal bamboo,cacus,horsetail,spider web and shrimps,were modeled to compare with the Typha-inspired structure.The results show that four different parameters,i.e.,the transverse cell wall spacing,cell wall thickness,epidermal thickness and cell diameter,have significant effects on the properties of cattails.Smaller lateral cell spacing,medium cell wall thickness,larger skin thickness,the distribntion of cell diameter which becomes larger and then becomes smaller from the outside to the inside,have a significant effect on the performance of the Typha-inspired structure,the specifc energy absorption and crashing force of the new Typha-inspired structure are significantly higher than those of the other six bionic structures.Typha-inspired structure has high energy-absorbing capacity and high energy-absorbing efficiency.

关 键 词：薄壁结构 仿香蒲结构 有限元法 侧向抗冲击 三点弯曲 

分 类 号：TH11[机械工程—机械设计及理论]